中国科学院昆明植物研究所简称”昆明植物研究所”，是中国科学院直属的植物学与植物化学领域综合性研究机构。研究所前身为1938年7月北平静生生物调查所与云南省教育厅合作成立的云南农林植物研究所，1959年4月经国家科委批准正式建所。所训为”原本山川 极命草木”，旨在认识植物、利用植物、造福于民。现任所长兼党委书记为普诺·白玛丹增研究员，现有在册职工587人，高级专业技术职称人员217人，研究生指导教师145人。
科研平台与机构设置
研究所科研格局为”五室一库两园”：植物化学与天然药物全国重点实验室（世界最大天然产物研究中心）、东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室、植物化学与西部植物资源持续利用重点实验室、资源植物与生物技术重点实验室、中国西南野生生物种质资源库，以及昆明植物园和丽江高山植物园。另有分析测试平台、活性筛选平台、生物技术实验平台、分子生物学实验平台、科技信息中心等支撑系统。
中国西南野生生物种质资源库
中国西南野生生物种质资源库由吴征镒院士倡议，于2004年建设、2007年运行，是中国科学院与云南省共建的国家重大科技基础设施。种质资源库包括”五库一圃”——种子库、离体库、DNA库、微生物库、动物库和种质资源圃。截至2021年，已保存植物种子10601种、85046份，占我国种子植物物种总数的36%，目标是保存种质资源1.9万种、19万份。种质库从珠穆朗玛峰6200米地带采集的种子刷新了我国采集植物种子最高海拔纪录，是全球海拔最高的库存种子。
研究方向与研究生教育
研究所立足中国西南，辐射东南亚和喜马拉雅，”十四五”规划主攻方向为：关键区域植物多样性时空格局与维持机制、植物天然产物与创新天然药物、植物种质资源保护与创新利用。研究所具有生物学和药学2个一级学科博士培养点，下设植物学、生物化学与分子生物学、药物化学、药理学4个二级博士培养点，并在生物工程和药学2个专业型硕士点招生。
The Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KIB) is a comprehensive research institution specializing in botany and phytochemistry under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Originally founded in July 1938 as the Yunnan Institute of Forestry and Agriculture through collaboration between the Beiping Natural History Survey and the Yunnan Provincial Education Department, KIB was formally established in April 1959. Its motto is “Explore the mountains and rivers, fulfill the mission of plants.” The current director is Dr. Puno Pema Dainzen. KIB employs 587 staff members, including 217 senior professionals and 145 graduate supervisors.
Research Platforms and Institutional Structure
KIB operates a structure comprising the National Key Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Natural Medicine (recognized as the world’s largest natural product research center), the Key Laboratory of East Asian Plant Diversity and Biogeography, the Key Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Sustainable Utilization of Western Plant Resources, the Key Laboratory of Resource Plants and Biotechnology, the China Southwest Wild Plant Germplasm Bank, Kunming Botanical Garden, and Lijiang Alpine Botanical Garden. Supporting systems include analytical testing, bioactive screening, biotechnology, molecular biology platforms, and a science and technology information center.
China Southwest Wild Plant Germplasm Bank
Proposed by academician Wu Zhengyi, the China Southwest Wild Plant Germplasm Bank was constructed in 2004 and became operational in 2007 as a national major science and technology infrastructure co-built by CAS and Yunnan Province. The bank comprises five banks and one nursery: Seed Bank, In vitro Bank, DNA Bank, Microorganism Bank, Animal Bank, and Germplasm Resource Nursery. As of 2021, it stores 10,601 plant species and 85,046 seed accessions, representing 36% of China’s seed plant species, with a goal of preserving 19,000 species and 190,000 accessions. Seeds collected from 6,200 meters on Mount Qomolangma set China’s record for highest altitude seed collection—the highest-altitude stored seeds globally.
Research Directions and Graduate Education
Positioned in Southwest China with influence across Southeast Asia and the Himalayas, KIB’s 14th Five-Year Plan focuses on: spatiotemporal patterns and maintenance mechanisms of plant diversity in key regions, plant natural products and innovative natural medicines, and plant germplasm conservation and innovative utilization. KIB offers doctoral programs in Biology and Pharmacy, with four secondary doctoral programs in Botany, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicinal Chemistry, and Pharmacology, plus professional master’s programs in Bioengineering and Pharmacy.
Official website: http://www.kib.cas.cn
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