捷克矮生针叶树花园 Dwarf conifers garden – 收集 2000 余种以女巫扫帚突变体为主的稀有矮生针叶树栽培种

wbgarden.com Jan Slama dwarf conifers garden

捷克矮生针叶树花园由捷克收藏家 Jan Sláma 在 Ostrava-Hrabová 经营逾 30 年，收集 2000 余种以女巫扫帚（witch’s broom）突变体为主的稀有矮生针叶树栽培种。花园同时是照片画廊、学校园艺教学园和国际园艺爱好者访问目的地，2008 年美国、英国、荷兰三国针叶树协会代表曾专程到访。

收藏家与花园沿革

Jan Sláma 自上世纪九十年代起在捷克第三大城市 Ostrava 的 Hrabová 区打造这处专类花园，最初源于对针叶树女巫扫帚（čarověník）突变体的兴趣——这类密集矮化的生长形态在原种树上以紧凑球状枝簇出现，经嫁接后形成小型观赏栽培种。他把收集范围扩展至所有来自女巫扫帚或自然矮化变异的针叶树，包括松属（Pinus）、云杉属（Picea）、冷杉属（Abies）等稀有栽培种，迄今累计 2000 余品种。

气候、位置与花园布局

Ostrava-Hrabová 位于捷克摩拉维亚-西里西亚州东部，靠近波兰边境，处于温和大陆性气候带，年均温 8℃ 左右、降水约 700 毫米，冬季最低温常在 -15℃ 上下，对绝大多数北温带矮生针叶树是稳定可靠的栽培环境。花园分为家庭住宅周边的成熟景观区与一座 25 年前规划、近百株矮生针叶树定植的学校教学花园，两区共享同一套岩生＋砾石排水＋全日照的栽培逻辑。

女巫扫帚突变与栽培实践

女巫扫帚（witch’s broom）是针叶树枝条上因遗传突变或病原刺激形成的密集矮化簇生组织，Jan Sláma 不止收集由此衍生的栽培种，还每年春天到捷克与周边山区主动寻找新的 broom 样本并带回嫁接繁殖。花园的栽培工作包括砧木培育、嫁接、株型定型与多年观察记录，所有过程以照片形式长期归档在网站相册和社交媒体镜像上。

媒体曝光与国际交流

花园长期获得捷克国家级媒体报道，包括捷克电视台 ČT 与 TV Nova 的《Toulavá kamera》专题、捷克广播电台访谈，以及多本捷克园艺与生活方式杂志专访。Jan Sláma 与捷克著名园丁、画家、收藏家 Libor Vojkuvka 长期合作开展针叶树主题项目。2008 年 8 月 1 日，美国、英国、荷兰三国针叶树协会代表曾专程到访花园，捷克媒体随后以”针叶树学者涌入 wbgarden”为题进行报道。

官网：wbgarden.com

wbgarden.com is a Czech dwarf conifer garden maintained by collector Jan Sláma in Ostrava-Hrabová for over thirty years, housing more than two thousand cultivars of rare and unusual dwarf conifers derived mostly from witch’s broom mutations. The site combines a personal photo gallery, a teaching collection at a local school garden, and an international meeting point, having hosted a joint visit by the American, British and Dutch conifer societies on 1 August 2008.

Collector and Garden History

Jan Sláma began the collection in the Hrabová district of Ostrava, Czech Republic, originally focused on witch’s broom (čarověník) mutations of conifers — the dense, dwarfed growth clusters that occasionally appear on otherwise normal conifer branches and can be grafted into compact ornamental cultivars. Over three decades the scope expanded to all rare and dwarf conifer material derived from brooms or natural mutations, covering Pinus, Picea, Abies and related genera, with more than two thousand cultivars documented to date.

Climate, Location and Garden Layout

Ostrava-Hrabová sits in the eastern Moravian-Silesian region near the Polish border, with a temperate continental climate, annual mean temperature near 8 °C, around 700 mm of precipitation, and winter lows commonly reaching -15 °C — stable, well-drained conditions suitable for the great majority of north-temperate dwarf conifers. The garden is laid out in two connected sections: the mature landscape around the family house and a school teaching garden designed 25 years ago with roughly one hundred dwarf conifers planted on a rock-and-gravel substrate in full sun.

Witch’s Broom Mutation and Cultivation Practice

Beyond maintaining the existing collection, Jan Sláma actively searches for new witch’s broom samples in the Czech highlands and neighbouring regions each spring, bringing them back for grafting and long-term evaluation. The horticultural cycle — rootstock cultivation, grafting, shaping and multi-year observation — is documented photographically and shared through the website galleries and on social platforms.

Media Coverage and International Exchange

The garden has received sustained coverage by Czech national media, including features on Czech Television (ČT and TV Nova’s “Toulavá kamera”) and interviews on Czech Radio, alongside articles in Czech gardening and lifestyle magazines. Jan Sláma has collaborated long-term with the Czech gardener, painter and collector Libor Vojkuvka on conifer-themed projects, and on 1 August 2008 the garden was visited by representatives of the American, British and Dutch conifer societies — an event later reported in the Czech press under headlines about dendrologists gathering at wbgarden.

Official Site: wbgarden.com