荷兰 阿克球茎花卉公司 P. Aker – 荷兰百年球茎出口商

从 1894 年的种子生意到今天的球茎出口商

P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen BV 是一家荷兰的花卉球茎与花种公司，前身是 Pieter Aker 1894 年在 Andijk 开办的种子买卖生意，起初卖花卉和蔬菜种子，后来转向球茎生产，最早做的是郁金香，再往后加上唐菖蒲、鸢尾和水仙。公司大约在 1948 年开始向欧洲各国出口，五十年代销到美国，之后市场扩到全球更多地方。到了八十年代，公司停掉自产环节，专心做出口，把品质放在前面。2008 年公司搬到北荷兰省的 Venhuizen，在那座现代厂房里一直做到今天，主营办公室和仓库都在那儿。

2019 年获荷兰皇家供应商称号

公司最显眼的一项认可来自王室。2019 年 12 月 14 日，Venhuizen 的镇长 Michiel Pijl 把「皇家供应商」（Hofleverancier bij Koninklijke beschikking）这一称号的凭据交给公司负责人 Peter Aker。那年正好是公司成立 125 周年，威廉-亚历山大国王据此决定授予这个称号。这个称号是 1815 年由国王威廉一世设立的，授予那些在当地和本行业里有突出位置的荷兰中小企业，获此称号后可以在产品上使用荷兰王室徽章。皇家供应商名单由荷兰王室网站公布，P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen B.V. 在册。

一条从产地到客户手里都能查到的追溯链

球茎生意的难点在品质，而品质从收进来那天就要开始管。公司只跟最好的种植户和育种公司打交道，每一批到货都要逐批检查病害和细小的异常，并生成一份质量报告；库存还要送荷兰球茎检验服务 BKD 抽样，合格后发证，公司自己的试验温室也会种一部分来跟踪表现。为了判断球根到了哪个开花分化阶段，工人会切开几个球茎观察，看完洗净、消毒、封装，再按客户要求做温度处理。全部环节靠 Ketenregister 追溯系统串起来，BKD 的种植登记和 e-CertNL 电子认证系统（两者都属荷兰食品安全与消费者产品安全局 NVWA）连成一条闭合的数字链，任何一批货随时都能查到去向。发货全程用温控运输，出口专员负责把单证办齐。

自有品牌、六个品类和面向全球的展会

公司做预包装球茎，也做散装和花种，自有品牌为零售渠道准备。品类分成六个：郁金香是荷兰人的骄傲，百合来自世界各地，水仙负责带来好心情，唐菖蒲和牡丹各有说法，此外还有风信子、番红花、海葱、朱顶红、葡萄风信子、鸢尾、雪滴花和大丽花等杂类。花种方面公司是独立供应商，货源来自 Syngenta、PanAmerican、Sakata、Takii、Hem Genetics 和 Evanthia 这些育种商，卖给做切花、盆花、穴盘和热带植物的专业种植者。公司也是行业活动的常客，荷兰百合日、郁金香贸易展和荷兰郁金香展都在自家厂区办过，还去过上海 IPM、厄瓜多尔 Expo Flor 和阿拉木图的 Flower Expo。

可持续做法和设在澳大利亚的分公司

公司在可持续上做了几件具体的事：屋顶装了太阳能板，照明换成 LED，包装用液体密封形式，材料尽量重复使用。追溯系统同样服务于这个目的，让每一批货的来路在整条链上都清楚。公司认为这些不只是为了满足观赏园艺行业的规范要求。公司的全名是 P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen BV，澳大利亚另设 P. Aker Flower Bulbs Pty. Ltd.，在维多利亚州；面向世界各地的专业客户做长期供货，代表常年在外面跑，从育种商到种植户再到终端买家。

A Dutch Flower Bulb Exporter That Began as a Seed Business in 1894

P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen BV is a Dutch flower bulb and flower seed company. It grew out of the seed trading business Pieter Aker started in Andijk in 1894, selling flower and vegetable seeds before turning to flower bulb production with tulips first, followed by gladioli, irises and narcissus. Exports to European countries began around 1948, and America followed in the 1950s, after which the market spread much further around the world. In the 1980s the company stopped its own production to concentrate entirely on exporting products of consistently high quality. In 2008 it moved to Venhuizen in the province of North Holland, and the modern facility there is still where it operates today, with both head office and warehouse on the same site.

The Royal Warrant Granted in 2019

The company’s most visible distinction came from the Dutch Royal Family. On 14 December 2019, the mayor of Venhuizen, Michiel Pijl, handed over the Royal Warrent Holder predicate to director Peter Aker. That year marked the company’s 125th anniversary, and King Willem-Alexander accordingly decided to grant the title. The predicate itself was introduced in 1815 by King Willem I and is awarded to small and medium-sized Dutch companies with a prominent place in their region and industry; holders may use the Dutch Royal Coat of Arms on their products. The official list of Royal Warrant Holders is published by the Dutch Royal House, and P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen B.V. appears on it.

A Traceability Chain That Runs from the Grower to the Customer

The difficulty in this trade is quality, and quality has to be managed from the moment bulbs arrive. The company works only with the best growers and breeders, checks every incoming consignment for disease and the smallest irregularities, and produces a quality report for each one. Stock is then sampled by the Dutch Flower Bulb Inspection Service BKD and certified once approved, and the company also plants part of it in its own test greenhouse to track how it performs. To determine the right stage of flower initiation, bulbs from each lot are dissected and examined, then rinsed clean, disinfected and packed before receiving the temperature treatment the customer asks for. The Ketenregister tracing and tracking system ties the whole chain together, linking the BKD cultivation registers with the e-CertNL electronic certification system, both agencies of the NVWA food safety authority, into a closed digital loop, so any consignment can be traced at any time. Shipping runs on temperature-controlled transport, and export specialists take care of the paperwork.

House Brands, Six Crop Groups and Trade Events Worldwide

The company packs bulbs for the retail trade and also supplies in bulk, together with flower seeds, under its own house brands. The range runs to six groups: tulip, the Dutch pride; lily, the imposing world traveller; narcissus, the bringer of cheerfulness; gladiolus and peony; and a miscellaneous group covering hyacinth, crocus, scilla, amaryllis, grape hyacinth, iris, galanthus and dahlia. On flower seeds the company is an independent supplier, taking stock from breeders such as Syngenta, PanAmerican, Sakata, Takii, Hem Genetics and Evanthia and selling it to professional growers of cut flowers, pot plants, bedding and tropical plants. It is also a regular at the trade events: the Dutch Lily Days, the Tulip Trade Event and the Dutch Tulip Show have all been held on its own site, and it has exhibited at IPM Shanghai, Expo Flor Ecuador and Flower Expo Almaty.

Sustainability and the Australian Subsidiary

Sustainability at the company is a matter of concrete measures: solar panels on the roof, LED lighting, liquid-seal packaging and materials reused wherever possible. The traceability system serves the same purpose, keeping the origin of every consignment clear along the whole chain. The company considers this more than a matter of meeting the requirements of the ornamental horticulture sector. The full company name is P. Aker Zaden en Bloembollen BV, and there is a second company, P. Aker Flower Bulbs Pty. Ltd., in the Australian state of Victoria. Supply runs to professional customers all over the world, with representatives travelling continually from breeders to growers to the buyers at the end of the chain.

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