“美国宾夕法尼亚大学莫里斯树木园” Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania是宾夕法尼亚联邦官方植物园，也是美国最古老的植物园之一。1887年，费城贵格会家族成员约翰·莫里斯（1847-1915）与莉迪亚·莫里斯（1849-1932）购地建园，最初名为”康普顿庄园”。1932年，莉迪亚将庄园遗赠给宾夕法尼亚大学，1933年正式向公众开放，1978年列入国家史迹名录。
组织历史
莫里斯树木园的土地最初贫瘠荒芜，坡度陡峭。约翰和莉迪亚通过精心改良土壤，从世界各地引种外来和本土树木灌木，逐步将庄园打造成举世闻名的植物收藏地。约翰于1915年去世后，莉迪亚继续经营庄园至1932年。根据兄妹二人的遗愿，庄园最终于1933年以植物园和教育机构身份向公众开放。如今，莫里斯树木园已成为跨学科资源中心，通过科学研究、艺术人文和教育推广项目，连接全球植物保护网络。
使命与愿景
莫里斯树木园的使命是通过教育、研究和园艺展示，促进人们对植物、人与地方三者关系的理解。机构愿景是成为一个不可或缺的公共花园，让自然世界的喜悦与奇迹激励每一位访客成为植物的热情倡导者。作为全球顶尖研究型大学的重要组成，莫里斯以植物与生态系统科学保护研究著称。
植物收藏
莫里斯树木园拥有超过11,000棵登录植物，涵盖2,500余种，主要收藏来自亚洲、北美和欧洲的温带植物。园内许多植物由E.H.威尔逊于世纪之交在中国采集引种。重要收藏包括枫树、木兰、杜鹃、金缕梅、玫瑰、冬青和针叶树。园中还拥有大量”特拉华谷区之最”古树，其中最著名的是日本连香树和三角枫。
特色花园
莫里斯树木园的花园各具特色：玫瑰花园创建于1888年，是庄园最古老的景点之一；英国花园（约1912年）以中国植物为主；杜鹃谷、橡树园、蕨类园、日本园、七拱门、雕塑花园、鹦鹉池、天鹅池等景观错落有致。园内还拥有”走出困境”树冠步道（Out on a Limb Tree Canopy Walk）等独特设施，让访客在树冠层间穿行。
教育项目
莫里斯树木园为不同年龄段访客提供丰富教育项目：儿童与家庭项目包括”成长思维”活动、夏令营、家庭活动和导览游；成人项目包括专业课程、讲座系列、导览游和志愿者项目。此外还为宾大在校生、教职员工、教育工作者和专业人士提供专属项目，并设有会议研讨与研究咨询业务。
社区参与与活动
作为宾夕法尼亚联邦官方植物园，莫里斯树木园定期举办特色活动，包括”月光与玫瑰”晚间活动、年度花园铁路展（以费城历史建筑为主题的微缩火车模型展）以及季节性特展。园内设有花园探索者（Garden Explorer）数字工具，访客可使用移动设备在园内实时探索植物和景点信息。机构还通过社区拓展项目，将植物科学知识传递给更广泛公众。
官方网站：https://www.morrisarboretum.org/
Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania
Organizational History
The Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania was originally the private estate of siblings John (1847-1915) and Lydia Morris (1849-1932), children of a prominent Philadelphia Quaker family. Established in 1887 in Chestnut Hill, the estate was called Compton. The land was initially barren with neglected soils and steep slopes. Through diligent care, John and Lydia improved the land and began filling the property with collections of exotic and native trees and shrubs from across the temperate world. After John died in 1915, Lydia continued to cultivate the grounds until her death in 1932. In 1932, Lydia bequeathed the estate to the University of Pennsylvania. Opened to the public in 1933, the Arboretum was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Today it serves as a renowned interdisciplinary resource center connecting global plant conservation networks through science, art, and education.
Mission and Vision
The Morris inspires an understanding of the relationship between plants, people, and place through education, research, and horticultural display. As an irreplaceable public garden, the Morris provides a place of respite, beauty, and learning where the joy and wonder of the natural world inspire all who visit to be enthusiastic ambassadors for plants. As a vital part of one of the world’s great research universities, the Morris is renowned for its science aimed at understanding and conserving plants and ecosystems.
Plant Collections
The Morris contains more than 11,000 accessioned plants of over 2,500 taxa, primarily representing the temperate floras of Asia, North America, and Europe. Many plants in the collection were gathered in China by E.H. Wilson at the turn of the century. Significant collections include maples, magnolias, azaleas, witchhazels, roses, hollies, and conifers. The Morris also holds numerous “trees-of-record” (the largest of their kind) in the Delaware Valley, most notably the katsura-tree and the trident maple.
Signature Gardens
The Morris features diverse gardens and landscapes: the Rose Garden, created in 1888, is one of the estate’s oldest features; the English Park (circa 1912) is planted primarily with Chinese species; the Azalea Meadow, Oak Allée, Fernery, Japanese Overlook, Seven Arches, Sculpture Garden, Swan Pond, and Log Cabin offer varied atmospheres. The Out on a Limb Tree Canopy Walk provides a unique experience allowing visitors to traverse the tree canopy.
Educational Programs
The Morris offers robust educational programs for all ages: children’s and family programs include Growing Minds activities, summer camps, family activities, and guided tours; adult programs include courses, lecture series, guided tours, and volunteer opportunities. Specialized programs serve Penn students and staff, educators, and professionals. The institution also hosts conferences and provides research and consulting services.
Community Engagement and Events
As the official arboretum of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Morris hosts signature events including the annual Moonlight & Roses evening event and the beloved Garden Railway exhibition featuring miniature replicas of Philadelphia’s historic buildings. Seasonal exhibitions rotate throughout the year. The Garden Explorer digital tool allows visitors to use mobile devices to explore plant information and points of interest in real-time throughout the gardens. Community outreach programs extend plant science knowledge to the broader public.
Official Website: https://www.morrisarboretum.org/
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