比利时 Wespelaar 植物园 – 国际树木园协作网络四级认证植物园

创建与历史沿革

Wespelaar 植物园位于比利时弗拉芒大区海赫特-韦斯佩拉尔（Haacht-Wespelaar），最初是一份私人植物收藏。1970 年代，比利时牙科医生 Philippe de Spoelberch 在邻近的 Herkenrode 庄园开始引种木本植物，后来为了容纳更多植株，将收藏范围向北扩展，逐步形成现在这片以树木与灌木为主的园区。2001 年起，园地交由 Wespelaar 基金会（Foundation Arboretum Wespelaar）统一管理，基金会负责收藏的长期保存并安排对外参观。

收藏规模与开放信息

整个园区面积约 20 公顷，公开记录中汇集约 2000 个物种与栽培品种，重点是来源可考的野生木本植物。每年 4 月 1 日至 11 月 15 日对公众开放，开放时间为周三与周日 10:00–17:00。门票成人及 12 岁以上儿童 6 欧元，12 岁以下儿童在成人陪同下免费，家庭年票 40 欧元，团队讲解 50 欧元一组（最多 25 人）。园方要求参观者穿戴适于行走的鞋具，因园内小道为自然土路，未做硬化处理。

植物数据库与 BelTrees

基金会负责运营园方自有的植物数据库，访客可在线按学名检索每一株挂牌木本植物的位置与状态。自 2023 年起，园方加入比利时植物园联盟上线的 botanicalcollections.be 平台，与 25 家其他植物园与树木园一起，把 8 万余株植物、2.5 万个物种与品种汇集到同一门户，并共享近 300 万份腊叶标本的数字图像。基金会还代管比利时树木学会的 BelTrees 数据库，自 1984 年起持续记录全国约 3 万棵标志性树木的位置与树围。

国际保育与科研合作

植物园长期与根特大学植物园合作，树木学家 Jan De Langhe 提供高分辨率扫描叶片、芽苞、树皮与花果的识别图与检索表。自 2016 年起，植物园连续获得国际树木园协作网络 ArbNet 的最高级别四级认证，是比利时仅有的两所四级树木园之一；园方也是全球木兰科保护联盟（Global Conservation Consortium for Magnolia）的成员，参与了《槭属红色名录》的编写，并支持 BGCI 发起的全球树木保护行动。

管理者与访问方式

植物园的现任总监是 Koen Camelbeke，日常运营由 Wespelaar 基金会负责，对外联系地址为比利时海赫特-韦斯佩拉尔 Grote Baan 63。园区位于布鲁塞尔—梅赫伦—鲁汶三角之间，公众可乘火车至 Wespelaar-Tildonk 站后步行抵达，或沿鲁汶—梅赫伦运河骑行进入。园区禁止携带宠物犬与无人机参观。

Founding and History

Arboretum Wespelaar is situated in Haacht-Wespelaar, Flemish Brabant. Its origins lie in a private plant collection started by Belgian dentist Philippe de Spoelberch on the nearby Herkenrode estate during the 1970s. The collection later expanded northwards to accommodate more woody plants, gradually taking the shape of the present-day arboretum. Since 2001 the grounds have been held and managed by the Foundation Arboretum Wespelaar, which safeguards the collection in trust and arranges public visits.

Collection and Opening Hours

The arboretum covers about 20 hectares and holds roughly 2,000 species and cultivars of trees and shrubs, with a particular focus on documented wild-origin accessions. It opens to visitors each year from 1 April to 15 November on Wednesdays and Sundays, 10:00–17:00. Admission is €6 for adults and children aged 12 and over, free for younger children accompanied by an adult, and €40 for a family annual ticket; guided tours are available by reservation at €50 per group of up to 25 people. Paths are unsurfaced, so visitors are advised to wear suitable footwear.

Plant Database and BelTrees

The Foundation maintains the on-site plant database and contributes to the nationwide botanicalcollections.be portal launched in 2023, which gathers more than 80,000 plants of about 25,000 species and varieties from 26 Belgian gardens on a single platform, together with images of nearly three million herbarium specimens. The Foundation also runs BelTrees, the national inventory of champion trees owned by the Belgian Dendrology Society, which now holds over 30,000 measurement records going back to 1984.

International Conservation and Research

Arboretum Wespelaar works closely with Ghent University Botanical Garden, where dendrologist Jan De Langhe supplies high-resolution scans and identification keys of leaves, buds, bark, flowers and fruits. The garden has held ArbNet Level IV accreditation continuously since 2016, placing it among the highest-rated arboreta worldwide and alongside Ghent University Botanical Garden as one of only two Level IV sites in Belgium. It is also part of the Global Conservation Consortium for Magnolia, contributed to the BGCI Red List of Acer, and supports the Global Trees Campaign.

Management and Visiting Information

The Foundation is led by director Koen Camelbeke and operates from the garden address at Grote Baan 63, B-3150 Haacht-Wespelaar. The arboretum lies within the Brussels–Mechelen–Leuven triangle; the nearest railway station, Wespelaar–Tildonk, is within walking distance, and the canal towpath between Leuven and Mechelen offers a cycling approach. Dogs and drones are not permitted on the grounds.

相关文章：

比利时 树木协会 Belgische Dendrologische Vereniging – 维护全国树木普查数据库 加拿大 圭尔夫大学树木园 – 收集保存1700多种木本植物 挪威 卑尔根大学花园 – 挪威卑尔根大学下属三座植物园联合体 美国 华盛顿公园树木园 Washington Park Arboretum – 以自然式园林空间为主的城市植物园 美国 莫顿树木园 THE MORTON ARBORETUM – 北美地区最全面的植物收藏机构之一 芬兰 Mustila树木园 – 芬兰历史最久面积最大的引种树木园 美国 哈佛大学阿诺德植物园 – 马萨诸塞州波士顿281英亩活体博物馆 荷兰 Trompenburg 公园与树木园 – 荷兰植物收藏 NPC的组成部分