三园格局与地理位置
卑尔根大学花园 Universitetshagene 是挪威卑尔根大学下属的三座植物园联合体，由校园植物园 Muséhagen、距市区 23 公里的 Milde 阿诺布雷树木园 Arboretet 和卑尔根植物园 Bergen botaniske hage 三部分组成。Muséhagen 环绕着大学自然历史博物馆，坐落在 Nygårdshøyden 市中心地块，三座园区彼此学科互补，共同作为卑尔根大学博物馆 Universitetsmuseet 的科研基础设施，为挪威西部的教学、研究、保育和公众科普服务。
核心收藏与分区特色
三园合计 6000 余物种与品种，构成挪威最大的杜鹃花科 Ericaceae 与蔷薇科 Rosaceae 活体收藏。Muséhagen 自 19 世纪末建立，120 年发展保留约 3000 个品种，系统种植区包括 Kitchen Garden、Fjellhagen 岩石园、Veksthuset 温室、Viktoriahus 与水生植物区；Milde 园区集中了 300 种、近 600 品种的杜鹃花（Rhododendron）和 500 余种玫瑰（Rosa），其中玫瑰园 Rosariet 按美国玫瑰学会分类体系分野生园、历史园与现代园三个分区。Muséhagen 与 Arboretet 在挪威西海岸湿润气候下培育杜鹃花科植物，是北欧地区最大的杜鹃花专类收藏。
科研支撑与濒危物种保育
三园均归属卑尔根大学博物馆的活体植物收集科研基础设施，含 1200 m² 温室区与种子库，研究聚焦 Ericaceae（特别是 Erica 与 Rhododendron）和 Rosaceae（Sorbus 等）的系统学与保育。Michael D. Pirie 与 Heidi Lie Andersen 领衔的 Threatened Species Conservation 研究组 2025/2026 连续在 Nature Plants 等期刊发表论文，主导活体植物收集数据生态系统的全球协作。园区每年支持 UiB 教学、博士培养与外部访问学者，并通过野外采集与 iNaturalist 公开科学平台参与挪威濒危植物的迁地保护。
访客设施与科普活动
三园全年免费向公众开放，提供 Blondehuset 与 Icookkitchen 两家季节性咖啡厅、徒步小径、Arkimedes 迷宫与 Lønningen 农舍场地预约服务。Venneforeningen for Arboretet og Bergen botaniske hage 之友协会会员每周日及夏季周末带队付费讲解（普通会员 75 NOK / 人，职员导览 1500 NOK / 团）。Garden Explorer 在线数据库按学名与园区地图检索活体植物，已公开日本花园与阿诺布雷树木园全部分区数据，支持公众和研究者查询植物分布与保育状态。
学术出版物与机构合作
工作人员定期在 UiB 内部刊物 Årringen 以及 Lapprosen、Grobladet、Bergens Tidende 等学术与媒体渠道发表成果。2026 年 Nature Plants 联合 70 余位作者发表《High-performance living plant collections require a globally integrated data ecosystem》，进一步把卑尔根大学花园纳入全球植物园数据协作框架。Stiftelsen Det norske arboret 基金会、IrisBG 与国际植物园协会合作伙伴关系支持三园运营，卑尔根大学博物馆通过该平台推动挪威西部植物多样性研究与保护。
Three Gardens and Geographic Layout
The Universitetshagene University Gardens in Bergen is a federation of three botanical gardens operated under the University of Bergen (UiB), comprising the Muséhagen on Nygårdshøyden in the city centre, and the Arboretum and Bergen Botanical Garden at Milde, 23 km south of central Bergen. The Muséhagen surrounds the Natural History building of the University Museum; the Milde campus combines the Norwegian Arboretum founded in 1971 with the Bergen Botanical Garden. All three gardens together form a single research infrastructure for the University Museum of Bergen.
Core Collections and Garden Sections
The gardens hold more than 6,000 species and cultivars, with emphasis on Ericaceae (especially Rhododendron and Erica) and Rosaceae (Sorbus and Rosa). The Muséhagen, established in the late 19th century and developed over 120 years, contains around 3,000 taxa and includes a kitchen garden, a mountain garden, a tropical greenhouse, a Victoria house and aquatic plantings. At Milde, the Rhododendron collection numbers roughly 300 species and 600 cultivars (largest in the Nordic countries), and the Rosariet exceeds 500 rose cultivars classified following the American Rose Society system.
Research Infrastructure and Threatened Species
The gardens are curated as a UiB research infrastructure that includes a 1,200 m² greenhouse division and a seed bank. The Threatened Species Conservation research group led by curator Michael D. Pirie and Heidi Lie Andersen focuses on systematics and conservation of Ericaceae and Rosaceae. Co-authored publications in 2025/2026 in Nature Plants and other journals link the Bergen collections to a global living-plant data ecosystem. Staff regularly join UiB teaching, doctoral training and external scientific use, and document field collections through the iNaturalist open science platform.
Visitor Facilities and Public Engagement
All three gardens are open year-round without entrance fees. Visitors will find two seasonal cafés (Blondehuset at the Arboretum and Icookkitchen at the Botanical Garden), walking trails, the Arkimedes maze and booking options for the Lønningen farmstead. Guided tours on Sundays and summer weekends are run by the Venneforeningen (Friends of the Arboretum and Bergen Botanical Garden), and the Garden Explorer online database publishes accession-level information on every plant in the gardens, with the Japan Garden and the Arboretum fully indexed.
Scientific Publications and Partnerships
Staff publish regularly in the internal UiB journal Årringen as well as in Lapprosen, Grobladet and Bergens Tidende. The 2026 Nature Plants article on living plant collections and data ecosystems, co-authored with over 70 international collaborators, positions the Universitetshagene within a global botanical garden network. Operations are supported by Stiftelsen Det norske arboret (the Norwegian Arboretum Foundation), IrisBG and partner botanical gardens worldwide, anchoring the gardens as a research and conservation platform for western Norway.
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