美国亨廷顿图书馆、艺术收藏和植物园 – 加利福尼亚世界级文化教育机构

亨廷顿图书馆、艺术收藏和植物园（The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens）是美国加利福尼亚州圣马力诺市的世界级文化教育机构，成立于1919年，由亨利·E·亨廷顿（1850–1927）与其妻子阿拉贝拉·D·亨廷顿共同创建。作为一个独立的非营利组织，亨廷顿以”促进公共福利”为宗旨，将其丰富的藏书、艺术收藏和植物园向公众开放。机构目前拥有近54000个会员家庭、约1100名志愿者以及600多名全职和兼职员工。

机构概况

亨廷顿下设三大核心板块：图书馆、艺术博物馆和植物园。图书馆是全球顶尖的独立研究图书馆之一，馆藏跨越11世纪至21世纪，藏品数量达1200万件，涵盖手稿、珍本、地图、照片等多种类型。艺术博物馆收藏超过50000件来自欧洲、美洲和亚洲的艺术品，时间跨度超过2000年历史。植物园占地约130英亩，设有16个主题花园，同时配备研究设施和植物标本馆。

植物园

亨廷顿植物园汇集了玫瑰、多肉植物、兰花、热带植物、苏铁、茶花等各类植物收藏，包括许多稀有物种和珍稀标本。植物园的起源可追溯至1903年，当时亨利·E·亨廷顿购入了圣马力诺牧场（San Marino Ranch），随后在其 superintendent 威廉·赫特里希（1878–1966）的主导下，逐步发展成为如今规模宏大的植物园。目前园区总面积207英亩，其中130英亩向公众开放。

主题花园

植物园内设有多个主题花园，包括：澳大利亚园、加利福尼亚园、茶花园、儿童园、中国园、温室、沙漠花园、香草园、日本园、丛林园、百合池塘、棕榈园、玫瑰园、莎士比亚花园、亚热带花园等。此外还设有专门的植物保护中心，负责维护活体植物收藏、种子库、花粉库、干燥组织库、试管库和低温库，以支持研究、教学和可持续发展工作。

研究与保护

亨廷顿植物园主任妮可·卡文德（Nicole Cavender）表示，园区拥有超过83000株活体植物，是连接图书馆、艺术馆和植物园三大馆藏的纽带。每年约有2000名来自世界各地的学者前来开展历史、文学、植物科学、艺术史以及科技医学史等领域的的研究。植物园还与美国国家植物园等机构合作，共同打击野生植物非法贸易，提升公众对植物保护的意识。

官方网址：

https://www.huntington.org/

The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens is a world-renowned cultural and educational institution located in San Marino, California. Founded in 1919 by Henry E. Huntington (1850–1927) and his wife Arabella D. Huntington, the institution was established “to promote the public welfare” by opening their vast collections of literature, art, and plants to the public. Today, The Huntington serves an independent nonprofit organization with nearly 54,000 member households, approximately 1,100 active volunteers, and more than 600 full- and part-time staff.

Institutional Overview

The Huntington comprises three core divisions: the Library, the Art Museum, and the Botanical Gardens. The Library is one of the world’s great independent research libraries, with collections spanning the 11th to the 21st centuries, totaling approximately 12 million items including manuscripts, rare books, maps, and photographs. The Art Museum houses over 50,000 artworks from Europe, America, and Asia spanning more than 2,000 years of history. The Botanical Gardens cover roughly 130 acres with 16 themed gardens, along with research facilities and a herbarium.

Botanical Gardens

The Huntington’s botanical collections feature roses, succulents, orchids, tropical plants, cycads, camellias, and more, including rare species and unusual specimens. The gardens trace their origins to 1903, when Henry E. Huntington purchased the San Marino Ranch—a working ranch about 12 miles from downtown Los Angeles with citrus groves, orchards, and crops. Under the guidance of his superintendent William Hertrich (1878–1966), the various plant collections were developed into the foundation of today’s Botanical Gardens. The original property of nearly 600 acres now covers 207 acres, with 130 acres open to visitors.

Themed Gardens

The Botanical Gardens feature multiple themed gardens including: Australian Garden, California Garden, Camellia Garden, Children’s Garden, Chinese Garden, Conservatory, Desert Garden, Herb Garden, Japanese Garden, Jungle Garden, Lily Ponds, Palm Garden, Rose Garden, Shakespeare Garden, and Subtropical Garden. A dedicated Botanical Conservation Center maintains living plant collections, a seed bank, pollen bank, dried tissue bank, in-vitro repository, and cryobank to support research, teaching, and sustainability initiatives.

Research and Conservation

According to Nicole Cavender, Telleen/Jorgensen Director of the Botanical Gardens, The Huntington is home to over 83,000 living plants, serving as the entryway connecting the institution’s three collections—the library, art, and botanical collections. Some 2,000 scholars from around the world travel to The Huntington each year to conduct research in history, literature, botanical science, art history, and the history of science, technology, and medicine. The gardens also collaborate with institutions such as the U.S. Botanic Garden to combat illegal wild plant trade and raise public awareness of plant conservation.

Official Website

huntington.org