历史沿革
贵州省农业科学院（Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences，简称「贵州省农科院」）前身可追溯至 1905 年建立的贵州省立农事试验场，历经省农业改进所、省农业试验场、省综合农业试验站、省农业科学研究所几个发展阶段，逐步成为贵州省农业科技创新的核心机构。2025 年院方明确以建院 120 周年为契机，围绕山地特色高效农业，着力打造「贵州农业科技战略智库」，为乡村振兴和农业现代化提供科技支撑。
机构规模与学科布局
全院共设 18 个专业研究所，覆盖粮食、油料、果蔬、茶叶、中药材、畜牧、水产、土壤肥料、植物保护等 50 余个农业学科领域。已建成 1 个部省共建实验室、5 个全省重点实验室、1 个省级技术创新中心、4 个农业农村部重点学科群野外科学观测试验站，并拥有 25 个国家现代农业产业技术体系综合试验站。下设水稻、园艺、油料（香料）、土壤肥料、农业科技信息、植物保护、旱粮（高粱）、现代农业发展（农产品加工）、生物技术（马铃薯）、农作物品种资源（现代中药材）、畜牧兽医、水产、油菜、茶叶、蚕业（辣椒）、草业、亚热带作物（生物质能源）、果树科学（柑橘/火龙果）等研究所。其中园艺研究所是贵州省唯一集蔬菜、果树、花卉三学科为一体的省级公益性专业研究机构。
人才队伍与科研产出
截至 2026 年 3 月，全院在职职工 1558 人，其中正高级职称科技人员 184 人、副高级职称 383 人、博士学位科研人员 184 人。享受国务院和省政府特殊津贴专家 23 人，省核心专家 2 人，省管专家 11 人。建有博士后科研工作站并引进院士专家。「十四五」以来，截至 2025 年共审定（登记）新品种 368 个，其中国家级品种 133 个；油菜品种「油研 2020」、玉米品种「康农玉 8009」多次入选农业农村部重大新品种推介；玉米自交系「QD001」以 2000 万元＋提成实现技术转让，创全国玉米育种成果转让纪录。
科研平台与社会服务
在科研平台建设方面，全院以 1 个部省共建实验室 + 5 个全省重点实验室 + 1 个省级技术创新中心 + 4 个农业农村部野外科学观测试验站为支撑，覆盖山地特色农业的关键共性技术研究。近年来先后在威宁、黔南、贵阳贵安等地设立分院，推动科技资源下沉至县域。院方多次组织省内外专题调研交流，与华南农业大学、广东省农科院、中国都市农业研究所、四川攀枝花、新疆等地开展协同合作，同时接待巴布亚新几内亚米尔恩湾省政府代表团来院考察，承担山地农业技术成果转化与示范推广任务。
园艺学科与对外联络
贵州省园艺研究所是贵州园艺作物品种资源、遗传育种、分子生物学和栽培生理研究领域的省级创新平台与人才培养基地，以蔬菜、果树、花卉资源搜集、保存、利用及创新为基础，以品种选育为核心，研究推广优质、高产、高效栽培技术，加强国内外科技交流与合作、实用技术人才培训，促进农民增收和贵州园艺产业可持续发展。院园艺所 2026 年 8 月开展知识产权保护专题培训，省农科院 2026 年公开招聘高层次人才公告及考察工作同步进行。院方也通过举办全国玉米遗传育种学术研讨会、西南地区小麦产业发展研讨会、农林期刊高质量发展研讨会等学术活动，推动山地特色农业研究与行业交流。
Historical Evolution
Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS) traces its origins to the Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Experiment Station founded in 1905. Through successive institutional reorganizations covering the Provincial Agricultural Improvement Institute, the Provincial Agricultural Experiment Station, the Provincial Comprehensive Agricultural Experiment Station and the Provincial Agricultural Science Research Institute, the academy has evolved into the core driver of agricultural science and technology innovation in Guizhou Province. Marking the 120th anniversary in 2025, the academy positioned itself around high-efficiency mountain agriculture, working to build a Guizhou strategic think tank for agricultural science and technology.
Institutional Scale and Disciplinary Layout
The academy operates 18 specialised research institutes covering more than 50 agricultural disciplines including grain, oilseed, fruits and vegetables, tea, traditional Chinese medicinal materials, animal husbandry, aquaculture, soil and fertiliser, and plant protection. Research infrastructure comprises 1 ministry-province co-built laboratory, 5 provincial key laboratories, 1 provincial technology innovation centre, 4 observation and experiment stations for key agricultural discipline groups of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and 25 comprehensive experiment stations under the national modern agricultural industrial technology system. Research institutes cover rice, horticulture, oilseed (spices), soil and fertiliser, agricultural science and technology information, plant protection, dryland grains (sorghum), modern agricultural development (agro-product processing), biotechnology (potato), crop germplasm resources (modern traditional Chinese medicinal materials), animal husbandry and veterinary, aquaculture, rapeseed, tea, sericulture (pepper), grassland, subtropical crops (biomass energy) and fruit-tree science (citrus / pitaya). The Horticulture Research Institute is the only provincial public welfare institution in Guizhou integrating vegetables, fruit trees and flowers.
Talent Pool and Research Output
As of March 2026 the academy employed 1558 staff, including 184 full professors, 183 associate senior researchers and 184 PhD researchers. The talent pool includes 23 experts receiving special allowances from the State Council and the provincial government, 2 provincial core experts and 11 provincial management experts. The academy hosts a postdoctoral research workstation and continues to attract academician experts. Since the 14th Five-Year Plan period through 2025, the academy approved or registered 368 new varieties (133 nationally). Rapeseed variety Youyan 2020 and maize variety Kangnong Yu 8009 have been repeatedly featured in major new variety recommendations by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. The maize inbred line QD001 realised a technology transfer of 20 million yuan plus royalties, setting a national record for maize breeding achievement transfer.
Research Platforms and Social Services
Research platforms centre on 1 ministry-province co-built laboratory, 5 provincial key laboratories, 1 provincial technology innovation centre and 4 Ministry of Agriculture observation stations, supporting research on key common technologies for mountainous characteristic agriculture. Branch academies have been established in Weining, Qiannan and Guiyang-Gui’an to extend science and technology resources to county level. The academy has organised special research exchanges with South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Institute of Urban Agriculture, Panzhihua in Sichuan and Xinjiang, while receiving delegations such as the Milne Bay Provincial Government of Papua New Guinea for collaborative engagement on mountain agricultural technology transfer and demonstration.
Horticulture Research and External Engagement
The Guizhou Horticulture Research Institute serves as the provincial innovation platform and talent training base for horticultural crop germplasm resources, genetic breeding, molecular biology and cultivation physiology. Its mission spans the collection, preservation, utilisation and innovation of vegetable, fruit-tree and flower resources, focuses on cultivar breeding as the core, develops high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technologies, and strengthens domestic and international science and technology exchanges, training of practical technical personnel, and the sustainable development of Guizhou’s horticultural industry. The horticulture institute conducted an intellectual property rights protection training in August 2026, while the academy continues high-level talent recruitment and observation processes in 2026. The academy also hosts national conferences including the 21st National Maize Genetics and Breeding Symposium, the 15th Five-Year South-west Wheat Industry Development Symposium, and the Agroforestry Journal High-Quality Development Seminar, supporting mountain agricultural research and industry exchange.
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