法国 BOURDILLON 苗圃 – 鸢尾萱草四代家族苗圃

家族传承

BOURDILLON 苗圃位于法国中部索洛涅地区（Soings-en-Sologne），紧邻卢瓦尔河谷城堡群。1905 年，Bourdillon 家族在「Champagne」地块购置约五十公顷土地，开始以黑麦与芦笋种植为主的农耕经营。1930 年代，第二代接手后启动大规模陶土排水工程，使这片黏土与沙土交织的土地得以种植葡萄与苹果。到 1960 年代，第三代将经营方向转向园艺，1964 年首次从美国 Schreiner’s、Cooley’s 与法国 Cayeux 引进鸢尾品种进行扩繁，1969 年推出首份含 100 个品种的纸质目录，1971 年加入法国鸢尾学会（Société Française des Iris）。至今四代人延续同一片土地上的园艺工作。

品类与品种

苗圃以鸢尾（Iris）、萱草（Hémérocalles）和芍药（Pivoines）三类宿根花卉为核心产品线，另种植蓝莓（Myrtilles）和覆盆子（Framboises）供果园采摘。在售鸢尾涵盖德国鸢尾大花型、中高型、迷你型、水生型、西伯利亚型、Spuria 型等多个系列，萱草则按花型分为蜘蛛型、双瓣型、微型、香花型与常绿型等。第四代起持续开展人工杂交育种，截至目前已注册登记 68 个自有品种，部分仍在目录中销售。每年春季发布的纸质目录会介绍当年新品与重点推荐品种。

田间生产

苗圃占地约四十公顷，分散在索洛涅的沙地、黏土与林缘地块之间。所有植株均在露地大田培育，起苗、挑选、贴标全程人工操作，包装前剪叶、入箱后通过 Colissimo 以裸根形式寄出，以确保客户收到时根系新鲜。田间不施过量氮肥，鸢尾根茎（rhizome）仅浅埋以避免腐烂，并按 30 至 40 厘米株距分行种植。植株需在田里生长四年后方进行分株繁殖，萱草则可维持十年再分株。基地还设有灌溉水塘一座，由家族在上世纪六十年代挖掘，用于汇集排水并调节沙地水肥。

邮购与发货

苗圃自 1969 年起运营邮购业务（vente par correspondance），每年四月印制并寄送纸质目录。客户可通过网站、电话或直接到访苗圃下单。发货严格遵循植物生理节律：德国鸢尾与一般鸢尾品种在 7 月中旬至 10 月底之间寄出，西伯利亚鸢尾与湿生鸢尾为 8 月至 10 月底，萱草为 8 月至 11 月底，芍药则在 9 月初至次年 2 月底之间包装出运。法国境内订单满 160 欧元免运费，低于此金额按订单金额分档加收 9.5 至 11.5 欧元的邮资。货款须在订购时付清，订单按到款先后安排出库。

开放日与活动

苗圃每年五月中下旬举行为期数天的「Portes ouvertes」开放参观日，客户可在田间直接观察鸢尾与萱草盛花状态，并现场选购容器苗。除开放日外，家族成员还带苗参加全法各地的植物节（fêtes des plantes），春季以容器苗为主，秋季以裸根苗为主，与园艺爱好者当面交流品种与种植经验。苗圃在五月（鸢尾）与七月（萱草）各有数公顷集中盛花期，平日访客建议提前致电以确认花期进度。每年中旬更新一次的品种目录同步收录花期图谱与植株介绍。

Family Heritage

BOURDILLON is a family-run nursery in Soings-en-Sologne, in the heart of the Loire Valley château region of central France. The family first acquired around fifty hectares at the place called Champagne in 1905, farming rye and asparagus on the local clay and sandy soils. In the 1930s, the second generation laid extensive clay-tile drainage across the property, opening the way for vineyards and apple orchards. The third generation pivoted the farm to horticulture in the early 1960s; the first iris varieties were imported from Schreiner’s, Cooley’s and the French house Cayeux in 1964, the first printed catalogue of 100 varieties appeared in 1969, and the family joined the Société Française des Iris in 1971. Four generations have worked the same land since.

Collections and Varieties

The nursery specialises in three perennial lines: bearded iris, daylilies (hémérocalles) and peonies (pivoines), supplemented by blueberry and raspberry plants for pick-your-own. The iris catalogue covers tall bearded, intermediate, miniature and water iris, plus Siberian, Spuria and Japanese forms. Daylilies are grouped by flower shape into spider, double, miniature, fragrant and remontant collections. The current generation runs a hybridisation programme that has produced 68 registered Bourdillon varieties, many still listed in the annual catalogue. The paper catalogue is mailed each April with descriptions and photographs of the season’s recommended varieties.

Field Production

About forty hectares of fields, woodland edges and ponds make up the nursery around Soings-en-Sologne. Plants are grown in open ground, lifted by hand, graded, labelled and packed into cartons before shipping by Colissimo as bare-root material to keep the root system fresh on arrival. Bearded iris rhizomes are planted shallow, spaced 30 to 40 cm apart in well-drained soil, and divided every four years. Daylilies can remain undivided for up to ten years. A reservoir dug by the family in the 1960s collects drainage water and supplies summer irrigation on the sandy parcels.

Mail Order and Delivery

Mail order has been the nursery’s speciality since 1969, with a paper catalogue printed and posted each April. Orders can be placed online, by phone, or in person at the farm. Shipping follows the natural ripening cycle of each crop: tall bearded iris and general iris from mid-July to late October, Siberian and water iris from August to late October, daylilies from August to late November, and herbaceous peonies from early September through late February. A 160 € minimum qualifies for free delivery within France; smaller consignments pay a tiered postage of 9.5 € to 11.5 €. Payment is required at the time of order and orders are dispatched in the order received.

Open Days and Events

The nursery holds an annual « Portes ouvertes » open weekend in mid to late May, when visitors can walk through the iris fields in full bloom and buy container-grown plants on site. Outside these dates, family members attend fêtes des plantes across France in spring (container plants) and autumn (bare-root plants), exchanging growing tips with gardeners in person. Peak flowering covers several hectares of iris in May and several hectares of daylilies in July; visitors are advised to call ahead for the current flowering status. The catalogue is updated yearly with new photographs and variety notes.

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