美国夏威夷大学Lyon树木和植物园（Lyon Arboretum and Botanical Garden）位于欧胡岛马诺阿山谷热带雨林气候区，隶属于夏威夷大学玛诺阿分校热带农业与人类韧性学院（CTAHR），同时也是一座对公众开放的植物园。园区占地约197英亩（约80公顷），年均降雨量高达165英寸，气候湿润多雨，孕育着极为丰富的热带植物群落。从威基基海滩出发仅约8公里，却宛如一片与世隔绝的热带净土，让游客在繁华都市边缘即可体验原始雨林的神秘与壮美。园区每年吸引约50,000名游客，是夏威夷最具代表性的植物研究型景点之一。
关于植物园
植物园以Harold L. Lyon医生的名字命名。1972年，Lyon医生将其私人庄园及周边土地捐赠给夏威夷大学，用于建立植物研究机构。园区正式成为夏威夷大学直属研究单位，承担教学、科研和公众科普三大功能。作为植物园，”Arboretum”（树木园）一词源自拉丁文，凸显园区以树木及木本植物保护为核心使命。植物园拥有超过6,000种热带和亚热带植物活体收藏，其中许多珍稀物种保存在园内各专类花园，部分濒危物种则保存于种子实验室和组织培养实验室中，为全球热带植物多样性保护发挥着重要的种质资源库作用。
历史与使命
园区的历史可追溯至百年前。Lyon医生不仅是一位医学专业人士，也是热心的植物爱好者。1972年完成捐赠后，夏威夷大学在庄园基础上逐步扩建园区规模。园区使命为：”通过教育与研究，激励并推动热带植物生物多样性的保护，并将植物与夏威夷文化相连接。”这一使命深刻体现了植物园将自然生态与人文历史相融合的独特定位。百年来，园区在植物引种、迁地保护、新品种选育和科普教育等方面持续发挥重要作用，至今已向苗圃业和公众推广超过180个植物新品种，为全球园艺产业做出了卓越贡献。
植物收藏
园区植物收藏蜚声国际，尤其以棕榈科、姜科（含生姜）、赫蕉属（蝎尾蕉类，又名假天堂鸟）、兰科及夏威夷原生植物著称。科研人员利用这些丰富的活体收藏开展系统性研究，在棕榈分类学、姜科植物育种、竹芋科品种改良、木槿属和海芋属植物新品种开发等领域均取得重要成果。园区与国际植物学机构保持密切合作，通过种子与活体材料交换项目，持续丰富馆藏多样性。这些收藏不仅支撑前沿科研，也为公众科普和学校教学提供了最直观的实物教材，使Lyon植物园成为夏威夷乃至太平洋地区最重要的热带植物种质资源库之一。
夏威夷本土植物花园
园区内设有夏威夷原生植物花园（Native Hawaiian Garden）和Beatrice H. Krauss人文植物花园（Ethnobotanical Garden），前者集中展示夏威夷群岛本土及特有植物物种，后者则深入介绍夏威夷原住民如何利用植物进行日常生活、传统医药和仪式文化的悠久历史智慧，将自然生态与本地文化深度连接。园区还设有Stemmermann纪念花园、Mapes纪念花园、Young纪念花园和Betty Ho纪念花园等多处主题花园，礼品店提供自制果酱、手工木碗等夏威夷特色手工艺品，为游客提供丰富的文化体验。
参观信息
园区开放时间为：周一至周五 8:00 – 16:00，周六 9:00 – 15:00；周日及美国法定节假日闭园。门票免费，园区接受捐款，建议金额每人5-10美元。访客可在游客中心领取园区地图、使用卫生间并浏览礼品店。园区拥有超过8英里（约13公里）的徒步小径，穿越茂密的热带雨林，沿途设有多个观景台，可观赏壮观的Aihualama瀑布等自然景观。园区提供无障碍通道（ADA），部分步道适合轮椅及婴儿车通行。无论是悠闲漫步于花园步道，还是挑战山脊徒步路线，Lyon植物园都能为各类游客提供独特的自然探索体验。此外，园区也接受学校团体和大学实验教学的预约导览。
研究与保护
作为研究型植物园，Lyon植物园在热带植物保护生物学和夏威夷人文植物学领域具有不可替代的核心优势。园内设有人工种子实验室和组织培养实验室，专门支持珍稀濒危植物的迁地保护与规模化繁殖研究。夏威夷稀有植物计划（Hawaiian Rare Plant Program）是园区最具影响力的长期科研项目之一，持续在夏威夷群岛各岛屿开展濒危植物野外调查、种子采集和人工扩繁工作，为维护夏威夷群岛独特的植物区系提供重要的科学支撑。来自世界各地的植物学家也常驻园区开展研究，涵盖棕榈分类、鸟类生态、水生生物、气候与土壤等多个学科方向。
社区活动
植物园常年举办面向社区的各类科普活动，包括年度春秋两季植物义卖（Plant Sale）、儿童自然夏令营（Nature Day Camp）、学校研学游、自然探索工作坊等。社区课程内容丰富，涵盖植物摄影、显微镜观察、永续农业、藻类研究等多个主题，适合不同年龄层参与。游客也可预约志愿者服务，在园区工作人员指导下参与植物养护和生态修复工作，亲身体验植物学研究的乐趣。丰富的社区活动使Lyon植物园不仅是科研圣地，也成为夏威夷本地居民和游客共同参与自然保护的重要平台。
网址：https://manoa.hawaii.edu/lyon/
About Lyon Arboretum
The Harold L. Lyon Arboretum, situated in the tropical rainforest of Manaoa Valley on the island of Oahu, is a research unit of the University of Hawaii at Manaoa, operating within the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resilience (CTAHR). Established in 1972 through the donation of Dr. Harold L. Lyon’s private estate, the Arboretum serves as both a public botanical garden and a center for tropical plant research. Spanning approximately 197 acres with an average annual rainfall of 165 inches, the grounds host more than 6,000 taxa of tropical and sub-tropical plants, with additional collections preserved in seed and micropropagation laboratories. Located just five miles from Waikiki, it provides a secluded natural retreat attracting roughly 50,000 visitors annually.
History and Mission
Named after Dr. Harold L. Lyon, a physician and plant enthusiast who donated his private estate to the university in 1972, the Arboretum was integrated into the University of Hawaii system as an Organized Research Unit. As of April 2026, it operates under CTAHR. The Arboretum’s mission is to inspire and cultivate the conservation of tropical plant biodiversity and connect it to the culture of Hawaii through education and research. Over more than five decades, it has released over 180 plant cultivars to nurseries and the public, making significant contributions to horticulture worldwide.
Plant Collections
The living collections at Lyon are internationally renowned, particularly for palms, heliconias, gingers, orchids, and native Hawaiian flora. Researchers have utilized these collections to advance systematic botany, breeding, and conservation. The Arboretum maintains active seed and live plant exchange programs with botanical institutions globally, further expanding its role as a vital ex-situ conservation repository for tropical plant biodiversity. Horticulturists at Lyon have developed improved cultivars of rhododendrons, gingers, calathea, hibiscus, and alocasia, many of which have become staples in the ornamental plant industry.
Hawaiian Native Plant Gardens
The Native Hawaiian Garden and the Beatrice H. Krauss Ethnobotanical Garden showcase the islands indigenous and endemic plant species alongside exhibits on traditional Hawaiian plant use in daily life, medicine, and cultural practices. The grounds also feature the Strommermann Memorial Garden, Mapes Memorial Garden, Young Memorial Garden, and Betty Ho Memorial Garden, each offering distinctive horticultural displays. A gift shop near the Visitors Center offers homemade jams, handcrafted wooden bowls, and other locally made Hawaiian artisan products.
Visiting Information
Open Monday through Friday 8:00 am – 4:00 pm, and Saturday 9:00 am – 3:00 pm; closed Sundays and U.S. federal and state holidays. Admission is free; donations of 5-10 USD per person are suggested. The Visitors Center provides maps, restroom facilities, and access to the gift shop. Over eight miles of hiking trails traverse the tropical rainforest, offering views of Aihualama Falls and scenic overlooks throughout the valley. ADA-accessible paths are available near the Visitors Center. The Arboretum welcomes school groups and university classes by reservation and also offers guided tour packages for organized groups.
Research and Conservation
As a research-driven botanical garden, Lyon holds particular strengths in tropical plant conservation biology and Hawaiian ethnobotany. Its seed and micropropagation laboratories support the ex-situ conservation of rare and endangered species, while the Hawaiian Rare Plant Program conducts systematic field surveys, seed collection, and propagation of threatened native plants across the Hawaiian Islands. Researchers from around the world regularly conduct studies at the Arboretum, spanning palm taxonomy, ornithology, aquatic biology, climatology, and soil science. The grounds also serve as an outdoor laboratory for university-level instruction across multiple disciplines.
Community Programs
Lyon Arboretum offers year-round community programming, including biannual plant sales, nature day camps, school field trips, and hands-on workshops covering topics such as plant photography, microscopy, aquaponics, and sustainable agriculture. Community classes provide opportunities for visitors of all ages to engage directly with plant science and conservation. Volunteers are welcome to participate in plant care, trail maintenance, and ecological restoration activities under the guidance of horticulture staff, fostering a strong connection between the institution and the local community.
