英国 博尔德山丘花园 – 西萨塞克斯郡的五代传承植物庄园

英国博尔德山丘花园 Borde Hill Garden

庄园历史

博尔德山丘花园(Borde Hill Garden)的历史可追溯至1598年,创始人斯蒂芬·博尔德(Stephen Borde)是亨利八世御医安德鲁·博尔德的孙辈,他在伊丽莎白庄园宅邸基础上重建了这座庄园。1893年起,斯蒂芬森·克拉克家族(Stephenson Clarke Family)收购并持有该庄园至今,已整整传承五代。2018年起,庄园转为慈善机构运营。这座家族庄园占地2300英亩(约931公顷),位于西萨塞克斯郡高地自然保护区(High Weald)中心,被英国遗产名录评为二级-star(Grade II*)保护建筑,在英国全国植物学意义上占有重要地位。

花园特色

庄园核心区域为383英亩的正式花园,围绕伊丽莎白宅邸分布着13个主题”花园房间”(Garden Rooms),包括意大利花园、杜鹃花园(Azalea Ring)、玫瑰园、安丽花园(Garden of Allah,木兰与山茶)、戴尔花园(The Dell,亚热带植物与棕榈)等。园内拥有超过95棵冠军树(Champion Trees),是英国最大的私人树木收藏之一,珍稀植物引种自喜马拉雅山脉、中国、缅甸、塔斯马尼亚、安第斯山脉等地。春季,大片杜鹃花和木兰科植物盛开;夏秋季节,数百种玫瑰与各种外来植物营造出丰富的色彩层次。秋季的博尔德山丘同样惊艳,整个景观被成熟且获奖无数的树木和充满活力的秋叶色彩所笼罩。

林地与湖泊

庄园还拥有广阔的林地区域。1905年创建的沃伦林地(Warren Wood)拥有许多珍稀外来树木,其中包括世界最稀有树木之一的白媒母(Meliosma beaniana),该树种由著名植物猎人欧内斯特·威尔逊从中国引种,在英国仅有3棵此类标本。春季,大片杜鹃花盛开,白色、粉色和红色的花朵悬垂在蓝铃花、风信子和野生大蒜构成的地毯之上。斯蒂芬妮的林间空地(Stephanie’s Glade)是林地中的标志性景点。南园有两个宁静湖泊——罗伯茨米尔湖和哈里湖,倒映着变化的自然光线。

更多信息请访问:https://www.bordehill.co.uk/


Estate History

Borde Hill Garden traces its origins to 1598, when Stephen Borde—grandson of Andrew Borde, physician to King Henry VIII—rebuilt the Elizabethan Mansion House at the core of the Estate. The Stephenson Clarke Family acquired the Estate in 1893, maintaining it for five generations until 2023. In 2018, it transitioned to charitable operation. Spanning 2,300 acres in the heart of West Sussex’s High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Borde Hill is listed as Grade II* by English Heritage and holds national botanical significance.

Garden Highlights

The formal Garden covers 383 acres surrounding the Elizabethan House, featuring thirteen distinct Garden Rooms: the Italian Garden, Azalea Ring, Rose Garden, Garden of Allah (magnolias and camellias), and The Dell (subtropical plants and palms), among others. The Estate houses over 95 Champion Trees—one of the largest private collections in the UK—with rare specimens from the Himalayas, China, Burma, Tasmania, and the Andes. Spring brings magnificent displays of rhododendrons and magnolias; summer and autumn showcase hundreds of rose varieties alongside exotic plants. Autumn transforms the landscape with fiery foliage from mature, award-winning trees.

Woodland and Lakes

Beyond the formal Garden lies extensive woodland. Warren Wood, created in 1905, contains Meliosma beaniana—one of the world’s rarest trees with only three specimens in Britain, collected from China by Plant Hunter Ernest Wilson and planted at Borde Hill in the early 1900s. In spring, vast rhododendrons burst into bloom, their white, pink and red flowers arching over bluebells, wood anemones and wild garlic. Stephanie’s Glade is a woodland highlight, while Robertsmere Lake and Harry’s Lake in the South Park offer tranquil spots for reflection.

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