美国 Schreiner’s 鸢尾花园 – 美国历史最悠久规模最大的有髯鸢尾专业商业苗圃之一

美国 Schreiner’s 鸢尾花园 (Schreiner’s Gardens) 创立于 1925 年,总部位于俄勒冈州塞勒姆 (Salem) 北部 Willamette Valley,是美国历史最悠久、规模最大的有髯鸢尾 (bearded iris) 专业商业苗圃之一。Schreiner 家族四代人在此经营百年,主营有髯鸢尾根状茎 (rhizomes) 与萱草、观赏葱、肥料、园艺工具等配套产品,零售面向全美及国际,批发面向大型园艺中心与连锁苗圃。苗圃现保有约 100 英亩鸢尾花田与一片 10 英亩的展示花园,每年五月举办开放参观的 Bloom Season 鸢尾花季活动,吸引数万游客到访。

百年家族与 Willamette Valley 苗圃的建立

Schreiner’s 的历史可追溯至 1920 年,创始人 F. X. Schreiner 在一次出差途中偶遇美国鸢尾学会 (American Iris Society) 首任主席 John C. Wister,由此对鸢尾产生终身兴趣。1925 年,Schreiner 出版了第一份价目表并创立 Schreiner’s Iris Gardens,品牌由此正式建立。1931 年 F. X. 去世后,其三位子女 Bob、Connie、Bernard (Gus) 接手,经过对 USDA 年鉴与各地气候的对比研究,最终于 1947 年将苗圃从明尼苏达州迁至气候与土壤更适宜的俄勒冈州 Willamette Valley,落户塞勒姆北部。战后苗圃规模稳步扩张,业务由第二代三人分工负责:Connie 主持办公室与商务,Bob 撰写年度目录并参与育种,Gus 主管杂交培育与田间作业。

鸢尾育种成就与业界奖项

Schreiner 家族在杂交育种方面成果卓著,先后十一次荣获美国鸢尾学会最高荣誉 Dykes Memorial Medal,其中包括 1953 年 Gus 培育的 Blue Sapphire、1957 年 Bob 培育的 Amethyst Flame、1968 年的 Stepping Out (1964 年登录品种) 与 1992 年的 Dusky Challenger 等标志性品种,其中 Stepping Out 与 Dusky Challenger 至今仍是鸢尾爱好者口耳相传的经典。Schreiner’s 还曾于 1954 年和 1998 年两次获得 AIS Hybridizer’s Award (育种者奖),表彰其对鸢尾育种事业的持续贡献。此外,公司以 John C. Wister 命名的 Wister Memorial Medal 也多次收入囊中,最近一次是 2017 年的 Black Is Black。

苗圃规模与商业运营现状

Schreiner’s 在 1970 年代后进入全盛期,根状茎田曾扩张到约 200 英亩,主供全美大型园艺批发渠道。如今通过机械化密植与批发结构调整,鸢尾种植面积稳定在 100 英亩左右,搭配数千种登录品种目录。商业渠道上,公司 2019 年停印了三种印刷目录中的两种,将重心转向网络直销,目前线上销量已远超传统的邮购与电话订购。Schreiner’s 还销售切花鸢尾花束 (farm fresh iris bouquets)、盆栽鸢尾与观赏葱 (Allium),并提供节日礼品卡,客户可在线下单于每年 7-9 月发货。当前由第三代传人 Liz (Schreiner) Schmidt 与第四代 Ben Schreiner 共同管理。

五月鸢尾花季与公众开放参观

Bloom Season (鸢尾花季) 是 Schreiner’s 一年一度的公众开放活动,自 1990 年代起在 10 英亩展示花园内举办,活动时间集中于每年五月中下旬,涵盖 Family Day、Artist Fair 与 Golden Hour 三个主题周末,设有切花展、礼品店、餐饮车与现场园艺工作坊。游客可参观完整 10 英亩展示花园与周边商业花田,购买盆栽鸢尾、鲜切花束及周边商品。办公区全年对外开放,周一至周五 8:00-16:30 (太平洋时间) 接受电话、邮件与柜面咨询,苗圃位于 3625 Quinaby Road NE, Salem, Oregon, 距波特兰约 32 英里、塞勒姆市中心以北 5 英里,游客可由 I-5 公路 Brooks 出口 (263) 沿 Brooklake Road、Quinaby Road 抵达。

Schreiner’s Gardens, founded in 1925, is a century-old, family-run commercial nursery headquartered in Salem, Oregon, in the heart of the Willamette Valley, and is one of the largest and most historic bearded iris growers in the United States. Four generations of the Schreiner family have cultivated the farm for a hundred years, specializing in bearded iris rhizomes alongside daylilies, ornamental allium, fertilizer, and gardening tools, with retail shipping across the U.S. and internationally, plus wholesale supply to large garden centers and nursery chains. The nursery currently maintains about 100 acres of iris fields together with a 10-acre display garden, and each May opens its gates for the Bloom Season event, which draws tens of thousands of visitors to the farm.

Family History and the Move to the Willamette Valley

The Schreiner story began in 1920, when founder F. X. Schreiner, then a department-store buyer in St. Paul, Minnesota, met John C. Wister, the first president of the American Iris Society, on a routine business trip. The encounter sparked a lifelong passion for iris, and by 1925 Schreiner had published his first price list under the name Schreiner’s Iris Gardens. After F. X.’s death in 1931, his three children, Bob, Connie, and Bernard (Gus), took over the business, studied USDA yearbooks, and ultimately relocated the nursery in 1947 to Oregon’s Willamette Valley, just north of Salem, where the milder climate and fertile soil proved far better suited to growing iris. Connie ran the office, Bob wrote the annual catalog and assisted in breeding, and Gus led the hybridizing program and field operations through the post-war decades.

Hybridizing Achievements and Industry Awards

The Schreiner breeding program has earned eleven Dykes Memorial Medals, the highest honor of the American Iris Society. Notable winners include Gus’s Blue Sapphire (1953), Bob’s Amethyst Flame (1957), the company-wide Stepping Out (logged in 1964, awarded in 1968), and Dusky Challenger (1992), with Stepping Out and Dusky Challenger still regarded as classics among iris enthusiasts. The most recent Dykes went to Celebration Song in 2003. Schreiner’s has also been recognized twice with the AIS Hybridizer’s Award, in 1954 and 1998, for sustained contributions to iris breeding. Numerous Schreiner introductions have earned John C. Wister Memorial Medals as well, with the most recent being Black Is Black in 2017.

Nursery Scale and Commercial Operations

Schreiner’s expanded rapidly in the 1970s as large national chains began ordering bearded iris in volume, growing the original 15-acre Oregon parcel to 50, then 100, and ultimately about 200 acres of bearded iris in cultivation. Mechanized planting and a shift in the wholesale market have brought current acreage back to roughly 100 acres, stocked with thousands of registered varieties. In 2019 the nursery discontinued two of its three print catalogs to focus on web-based sales, and online orders now far outpace mail and phone business. The catalog today also includes farm-fresh cut iris bouquets, potted iris, ornamental allium bulbs, and gift certificates, with retail shipping running July through September. Third-generation Liz (Schreiner) Schmidt and fourth-generation Ben Schreiner currently lead the company.

Bloom Season and Public Visiting

The Bloom Season event, held each May in the 10-acre display garden, has been a centerpiece of the Schreiner’s enterprise since the 1990s, drawing tens of thousands of visitors from across the Willamette Valley and beyond. The season features three themed weekends: Family Day, the Artist Fair over Memorial Day weekend, and Golden Hour evenings, alongside a daily cut-flower show, gift shop, food trucks, and on-site gardening workshops. Visitors can tour the full display garden and the surrounding commercial fields and purchase potted iris, fresh bouquets, and gift-shop items. The office is open year-round, Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. (Pacific Time), at 3625 Quinaby Road NE, Salem, Oregon, 32 miles south of Portland and 5 miles north of downtown Salem, reached from I-5 Exit 263 (Brooks) via Brooklake Road and Quinaby Road.

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