美国 华盛顿州立大学霍特科姆县社区园艺计划 – 社区园艺教育与推广计划

州立园艺计划概况

美国华盛顿州立大学霍特科姆县社区园艺计划 (Washington State University Whatcom County Extension Horticulture Programs) 是 WSU Extension 在霍特科姆县主导的社区园艺教育与推广计划，涵盖粮食作物、本土植物、多年生植物、雨林、草药、杂草、覆盖作物、可持续景观、土壤生态等九大园艺领域。该计划依托 WSU Extension 把华盛顿州立大学的研究成果转化为可操作的社区园艺知识，向家庭园艺、学校社区花园和商业种植者三个方向同时输送。

园艺大师计划

WSU 园艺大师计划 (Master Gardener Program) 起源 1973 年美国华盛顿州，最初在金县与皮尔斯县 120 名园艺大师志愿者培训上岗、首年服务 7 千余户家庭。现在全州已逾 3 千名活跃园艺大师，覆盖 39 个县中 28 县，年服务 25 万户以上；该模式已扩展到全美 46 州与加拿大 4 省，成为全美最大规模的园艺志愿者网络之一。

社区花园与食物种植

霍特科姆县社区花园计划 (Community First Garden Project, CFG) 由 WSU Extension 与 Bellingham 城市公园管理局、西北青少年服务处合作运营，登记邻里花园、城市花园、教会花园、学校花园与食物银行花园五大类型。该计划曾为 7 千余户家庭提供种子与种植援助；2024 年虽暂停花园资助申请但仍提供本地、区域和全国资金来源对接，助力居民持续开展可持续食物种植。

堆肥与资源回收

WSU Whatcom 堆肥与回收计划 (Master Composter / Recycler Program) 通过家居堆肥、蚯蚓堆肥、路边堆肥三大项目，减少径流中土壤、化肥、农药对周边溪流的污染；并联动 Whatcom County 政府的 WasteWise 废物与回收门户，提供一站式本地回收指南。堆肥可提高土壤保水、保肥与减少径流的能力，是健康园艺的物质基础。

青年园艺与植物诊所

青年园艺支持 (Youth Gardening Support) 与 Bellingham 中小学合作开展 K-5 课堂园艺与堆肥蚯蚓箱课程；诊断植物诊所 (Diagnostic Plant Clinic) 坐落在 Bellingham 县办公室，每周开放接受居民带样或邮件图片诊断，由园艺大师志愿者提供研究循证的病虫害识别与综合防治建议。

Program Overview

The WSU Whatcom County Extension Horticulture Programs are the community horticulture education and outreach programs of Washington State University Extension in Whatcom County, covering nine major horticulture areas including food crops, native plants, perennials, rain gardens, herbs, weeds, cover crops, sustainable landscaping, and soil ecology. The program leverages WSU Extension to translate Washington State University research into actionable community horticulture knowledge, serving home gardeners, school and community gardens, and commercial growers in parallel.

Master Gardener Program

The WSU Master Gardener Program was started in Washington State in 1973; the first class of 120 Master Gardeners in King and Pierce Counties served more than 7,000 clients in their first year. Today the program has more than 3,000 active Master Gardeners across 28 of Washington State’s 39 counties, serving more than a quarter of a million clients each year, and the model has expanded to 46 U.S. states and four Canadian provinces.

Community Gardens

The Community First Garden Project (CFG) is operated by WSU Extension in partnership with Bellingham Parks and Recreation Department, Northwest Youth Services, and the WSU Whatcom County Master Gardener Program, registering five types of community gardens: neighborhood, city, church, school, and food bank gardens. While the program is no longer accepting garden grant applications, it continues to assist residents in finding local, regional and national funding sources for sustained sustainable food gardening.

Composting and Recycling

The WSU Whatcom Master Composter / Recycler Program operates three flagship projects including backyard composting, worm composting, and curbside compost collection, working with Whatcom County government’s WasteWise Waste and Recycling Portal to provide one-stop recycling guidance. Composting increases the soil’s ability to retain water, hold nutrients, and reduce runoff, forming the material foundation of healthy horticulture practice.

Youth Programs and Plant Clinic

The Youth Gardening Support program partners with Bellingham K-5 schools to deliver classroom garden lessons and worm bin construction workshops. The Diagnostic Plant Clinic, located in Bellingham, is staffed by trained Master Gardener volunteers who provide research-based pest and disease identification and integrated pest management recommendations to county residents throughout the gardening season.

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