英国 特雷巴花园 Trebah Garden – 康沃尔亚热带花园全英八十佳园林

花园概览

特雷巴花园位于英国康沃尔郡法尔茅斯西南数公里的赫尔福德河口北岸,占地约26英亩,是一处沿山谷一路延伸至海岸私人海滩的亚热带园林。园内步道总长超过四英里,植有百年杜鹃、木兰和山茶,春到冬四季各有观赏重点,被列为康沃尔名园之一,亦常列入全英八十佳园林名录。

历史沿革

这片山谷的书面历史至少可追溯到十四世纪初,自十九世纪初以来已转手约十二次。1831年,查尔斯与莎拉·福克斯买下特雷巴,在谷口建起新宅并着手造园;其后朱丽叶·巴克豪斯、查尔斯与爱丽丝·赫斯特陆续扩展植物收藏。1939至1947年的战争年间,海军上将诺拉·麦考曾在此避居,1944年诺曼底登陆相关部队在园外海滩集结。1963至1971年间,赛车手兼汽车设计师唐纳德·希利拥有此园并利用附属建筑继续希利汽车的研制工作。

园区特色

沿步道下行可一路经过竹林、水景园、爱丽丝之座、八仙花谷、杜鹃谷、 Gunnera通道、树桩园与阶梯瀑布、 Mallard池塘、智利山谷和锦鲤池等十余处节点。春季百年杜鹃、木兰和山茶集中盛放;夏季巨叶 Gunnera尤为显眼;秋季八仙花谷在 Mallard池塘上空铺开青蓝与浅白的色调;冬季南半球植物陆续开花,园中保留的冠军级大树则成为天际轮廓的主角。

保护与运营

1981年托尼与艾拉·希伯特买下特雷巴,启动修复与重新开放计划,1987年正式向公众开放。1990年希伯特家族将所有权移交 Trebah Garden Trust,该信托为在英国注册的慈善机构(注册号 1000067),旗下 Trebah Enterprises Ltd 负责日常商业运营,园艺团队负责长期保育与植物档案。

游览体验

花园每日 9:30 开放,无需提前预约,游客可经步道一直走到 Helford 河畔的园属私人海滩,海滩同样允许牵绳犬进入。园内设 Trebah Kitchen 餐饮区与多家小店,并提供户外剧场、住宿和四季活动。带 Tramper 行动辅具的人士请提前预约,谷道上下坡度较陡,普通手动轮椅并不适合此地形。

Overview

Trebah Garden sits on the north shore of the Helford River a few miles southwest of Falmouth in Cornwall, England, covering roughly 26 acres that run down a wooded valley to a private beach. More than four miles of footpaths wind through the planting, with century-old rhododendrons, magnolias and camellias forming the backbone of the display. It is counted among the Great Gardens of Cornwall and regularly appears in lists of the finest gardens in the United Kingdom.

Heritage

The valley’s documented history reaches back to the early 1300s and the estate has changed hands around twelve times since the early nineteenth century. Charles and Sarah Fox acquired the property in 1831 and built a new house at the head of the valley while laying out the first plantings; later owners Juliet Backhouse and Charles and Alice Hext enlarged the collection. During the war years 1939-1947 the estate was bought by Nora MacCaw and the beach became part of the build-up for the D-Day landings in 1944. Racing driver and car designer Donald Healey owned Trebah from 1963 to 1971 and used the outbuildings to continue work on the Healey cars.

Garden Features

From the upper lawns the paths lead down past the Bamboozle, the Water Garden, Alice’s Seat, Hydrangea Valley, Rhododendron Valley, the Gunnera Passage, the Stumpery and Cascade, Mallard Pond, the Chilean Coomb and the Koi Pool. In spring the century-old rhododendrons, magnolias and camellias bloom together, in summer the giant-leaved Gunnera draws attention, in autumn Hydrangea Valley covers Mallard Pond in soft blue and white, and in winter champion trees take over the skyline while southern-hemisphere plants begin to flower.

Conservation and Operations

Tony and Eira Hibbert bought Trebah in 1981, began a programme of restoration and opened the garden to the public in 1987. In 1990 the Hibberts handed ownership to the Trebah Garden Trust, a registered charity in England (registration number 1000067). Trebah Enterprises Ltd, a subsidiary of the trust, runs the day-to-day operations and trading activities, while a small horticultural team maintains the plantings and plant archive.

Visitor Experience

The garden opens daily at 9.30am with no advance booking, and visitors can follow the footpaths all the way down to the private beach on the Helford River, where dogs on leads are welcome. Trebah Kitchen and several shops cater for food, gifts and seasonal needs, and the estate also hosts an outdoor theatre programme, on-site accommodation and year-round family events. Tramper mobility scooters can be reserved in advance for those who need them; manual wheelchairs are not advised because of the steep gradients on the valley route.

相关文章：

英国 特雷巴赫花园 Trebah Garden – 英国最南端的亚热带山谷花园 英国 卡利花园 Cally Garden – 围墙内庇护着 5000 余种稀有耐寒植物 苏格兰 Bowhill 家族庄园 – 英国苏格兰边界家族乡村保护庄园 荷兰 库肯霍夫城堡 Kasteel Keukenhof – 荷兰二百六十公顷历史遗产庄园 英国 Bodnant 庄园 Bodnant Estate – 80 英亩保护名园五项植物收藏 英国 Cowden 日本花园 Cowden Garden – 苏格兰唯一由女性设计的日本庭园 英国 埃克斯伯里花园 (Exbury Gardens) – 莱昂内尔·德·罗斯柴尔德 1919 年始建的英国顶级杜鹃林地花园 英国 安东尼森林花园 Antony Woodland Garden – 康沃尔最美却鲜为人知的花园之一