美国国家菊花协会 National Chrysanthemum Society – 建立了一套完整的菊花品种分类系统

“美国国家菊花协会”（National Chrysanthemum Society，简称 NCS）是一家面向菊花爱好者、种植者以及相关园艺专业人士的全美行业协会，会员遍布美国几乎所有州以及众多海外国家。协会在 1949 年组建，于 1954 年正式注册为非营利组织，并按照美国国内税法第 501(c)(3) 条款接受具有税前扣除资格的捐赠。其核心定位是为菊花的种植、品种改良和展览展示搭建一个全国性的交流与支持平台，成员构成涵盖菊花专家、园艺学者、苗圃经营者、园林俱乐部、植物园、大学与图书馆等多元机构。

协会宗旨与组织定位

NCS 的宗旨归纳为五个层面：通过研究、教学与传播菊花的繁殖与栽培技术来推动菊花知识普及；提高菊花整体栽培与展示标准；促进菊花种植兴趣在更大范围内扩展；鼓励对各类菊花品种美丽花朵的更多使用与展览；加强全球菊花种植者之间的联谊与协作。组织结构由理事会、各类委员会以及分布在全国各地的分会三个层级组成，下设董事会和按职能划分的工作委员会，分别负责品种分类、品种登记、全国年会、出版物编辑、视频与照片档案管理等事务，每年都会对各类展示评比活动的获奖者进行表彰。

核心服务与会员体系

会员体系针对不同人群设计了三种主要类型：普通会员面向一般业余爱好者与种植者，青少年会员面向青少年群体以培养下一代菊花种植兴趣，园林俱乐部附属会员面向各类园艺社团和俱乐部组织。会员可享受的服务包括随时获取菊花种植方面的专家建议与知识、查阅协会持续扩充的照片库与视频库、每季度收到《The Chrysanthemum》季刊、参加各地分会组织的学习交流活动、结识志同道合的菊花爱好者，以及获取协会出版的相关读物，新加入的会员还会收到一本免费的入门手册。协会每年在全国不同地区举办一次全国年会与菊花展示，由一个地方分会承办，活动包含学术研讨会、专题讲座、社交活动与评审展示。

品种分类与全国展示评级

协会最具特色的技术贡献是建立了一套完整的菊花品种分类系统，把菊花按照花型和生长习性分成 13 个不同类别，每个类别下又按照花径大小和颜色代码做进一步细分，并专门提供线描图分类页面供爱好者打印后作为儿童涂色与品种认知的教学工具。展示评级方面，全国菊花展示划分为园艺展示（Division I – Horticulture）与造型展示（Division II – Design）两大板块，按品种类别分组评选，协会定期公布国家级获奖名单，最近一届第 77 届全国菊花大会在拉斯维加斯举办，会上颁发了多个品种类别的最佳奖，包括最佳 Class 1 巨型品种（Betsy Ross）、最佳盆栽品种（Chidori）和最佳多蕾疏除品种（Wisp of Pink）等。

学术资源与全国分会网络

学术资源体系由出版物、照片档案与视频资料三部分组成：季刊《The Chrysanthemum》每期刊登栽培技术报告、分会动态、会员人物特写以及品种介绍；照片库按品种类别整理方便爱好者检索；视频库收录从基础栽培到展会评审的多段教学视频。全国分会网络是协会服务覆盖能力的核心体现，按照章程成立一个新分会只需凑齐 5 个会员、提交简单章程草案、缴纳会费并获得董事会批准即可，协会在美国绝大多数州都设有分会，涵盖加利福尼亚、亚利奥桑、纽约、新泽西、北卡罗来纳、俄勒冈、得克萨斯、弗吉尼亚、华盛顿、爱达荷等多个州级地方组织，网站的”友情链接与资源”页面整理了各州分会的官方网站和社交媒体账号。

Mission and Organizational Identity

The National Chrysanthemum Society (NCS) was organized in 1949 and incorporated in 1954 as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, with members living in nearly all U.S. states and many foreign countries. Its five-pronged mission covers research and education on chrysanthemum propagation and cultivation, raising the standard of excellence, promoting wider interest in chrysanthemum growing, encouraging greater use and display of cultivars, and increasing fellowship among growers. The organization is structured into three tiers — the officers, the board of directors and a series of committees — and is supported by local chapters across nearly every U.S. state.

Membership Tiers and Core Services

NCS offers three main membership types: General Membership for amateur growers, Youth Membership for young enthusiasts, and Garden Club Affiliate for horticultural societies and clubs. Members receive expert advice on chrysanthemum growing, access to the photo and video gallery, the quarterly publication The Chrysanthemum, invitations to local chapter educational presentations, and camaraderie with fellow growers. A free Beginner’s Handbook is included for new members. The annual National Convention and Show travels to a different region of the country each year and is hosted by a local chapter, combining symposiums, social events and judging.

Chrysanthemum Classification and National Show Judging

NCS developed a comprehensive classification system that organizes chrysanthemum cultivars into 13 classes based on bloom form and growth habit, with further subdivisions by flower size (A, B, C) and color codes. The Line Drawings of Chrysanthemum Classes page provides printable illustrations for educational use. National shows are divided into Division I – Horticulture and Division II – Design, with judging conducted by class. The 77th National Convention and Show was held at the Santa Fe Station Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, in November 2024, awarding top honors in categories such as Best Class 1 Giant (Betsy Ross), Best Container Grown (Chidori) and Best Multiple Disbuds (Wisp of Pink).

Academic Resources and National Chapter Network

Academic resources include the quarterly The Chrysanthemum magazine covering cultivation techniques, chapter reports and member stories, a continuously updated photo gallery organized by cultivar class, and a video library with tutorials ranging from basic propagation to show preparation. The national chapter network is the backbone of NCS outreach — forming a new chapter requires only five members, a simple set of bylaws, payment of dues and board approval. Active chapters exist across California, Arizona, New York, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Texas, Virginia, Washington, Idaho and many other states, with the Links & Resources page cataloging each chapter’s website and social media presence.

官网：https://mums.org/