历史沿革
Filoli 历史庄园由旧金山矿业与水管业巨头 William Bowers Bourn II 与夫人 Agnes 于 1915 年委托建造, 1917 年由旧金山建筑师 Willis Polk 设计完成, 主体造价 42.5 万美元 (约合 2025 年 1000 万美元). 庄园名取自 Bourn 人生格言 “Fight for a just cause; Love your fellow man; Live a good life” 的首字母缩写. 1937 年 Matson Navigation Company 所有者 Lurline Matheson Roth 夫妇从 Bourn 家族手中购入庄园, 1975 年 Lurline Roth 将 Filoli 捐赠给 National Trust for Historic Preservation, 同年作为 501(c)(3) 非营利组织对公众开放.
庄园格局
庄园占地 654 英亩 (约 265 公顷), 沿加州海岸山脉 Santa Cruz Mountains 西侧山坡铺开, 位于旧金山市以南约 30 分钟车程的 Woodside 湾区小镇 (紧邻 I-280 公路 Edgewood 出口). 主体建筑为佐治亚复兴风格 Georgian Revival 庄园宅邸, 共 56 个房间、17 个壁炉、15 间浴室, 总面积超过 5.4 万平方英尺, 访客可参观一层 Ballroom 大宴会厅、Staff Wing 服务翼及 Reception Room 等正式空间.
花园设计
正式花园占地 16 英亩, 由景观设计师 Bruce Porter 担纲线条与结构, 园艺师 Bella Worn 填入花色与质感, 首席园丁 Louis Mariconi 自 1915 年起驻园工作直至 1965 年辞世. 11 个独立花园室围绕宅邸分布, 包括 1919 年 4 月建成的下沉花园 Sunken Garden、玫瑰园 Rose Garden (现有 500 余株玫瑰)、1976 年 Woodside-Atherton Garden Club 为纪念美国建国两百周年捐建的结纹园 Knot Garden、有围墙花园 Walled Garden、林地花园 Woodland Garden、多年生花境 Perennial Border、蔬菜园 Vegetable Garden、采摘园 Cutting Garden、果园 Garden Orchard (80 余种果树)、保龄球绿地 Bowling Green、花园屋 Garden House、High Place 等, 加上东侧 6.8 英亩绅士果园 Gentleman’s Orchard 与数百英亩林地自然区 (Natural Lands, 含 6 种生态系统与 2 条徒步小径).
体验与活动
门票包含宅邸一层、16 英亩正式花园、Ramaytush Ohlone Lamchin 部落 Lamchin Interpretive Center、林地小径、Clock Tower Shop 钟塔商店与 Quail Cafe 餐厅 (周六周日开放 Staghorn Bottleshop 葡萄酒品鉴). 庄园每日 10:00-17:00 开放, 最晚入场 15:00, 周一周二闭馆. 季节性活动包括夏季 Summer Nights 夜场、Summer Stage 户外现场音乐、9 月底回归的夜间灯光展 Nightfall、秋季 Orchard Days 苹果收获季、Holidays at Filoli 圣诞装饰展; Filoli 自 2023 年起加入英国皇家园艺学会 Royal Horticultural Society Partner Garden.
公共项目
Filoli 与 Association of Ramaytush Ohlone 共同运营 Lamchin Interpretive Center, 介绍这片土地的原住民历史 (约公元 1000 年 Lamchin 部落 Ssupichom 村庄即建于此地). 1980 年代美国电视剧 Dynasty 在 Filoli 拍摄外景; 2023 年 11 月 15 日, 美国总统拜登与中国国家主席习近平的亚太经合组织 APEC 峰会选在此处举行. 团体访客 (15 人以上) 享团体票优惠, SNAP EBT (CalFresh) 卡持卡人可经 Museums for All 项目领取 4 张免费门票, 公共图书馆持卡人通过 Discover & Go 可领免费入园券.
History
Filoli Historic House & Garden was commissioned by San Francisco mining and water magnate William Bowers Bourn II and his wife Agnes in 1915, designed by architect Willis Polk of San Francisco, and completed in 1917 at a cost of $425,000 (about $10 million in 2025 currency). The estate name comes from Bourn’s credo “Fight for a just cause; Love your fellow man; Live a good life.” In 1937 the property was purchased by Lurline Matheson Roth and her husband, owners of the Matson Navigation Company. In 1975 Lurline Roth donated Filoli to the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the estate opened to the public the same year as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
Estate Layout
Spanning 654 acres along the western slopes of California’s Santa Cruz Mountains, Filoli sits in the Woodside area of the San Francisco Peninsula, about 30 minutes south of San Francisco, just off the I-280 Edgewood exit. The centerpiece is a Georgian Revival mansion with 56 rooms, 17 fireplaces, 15 bathrooms, and more than 54,000 square feet of interior space; the self-guided House tour covers the first floor, including the grand Ballroom, Staff Wing, and Reception Room.
Garden Design
The 16-acre formal garden was shaped by landscape designer Bruce Porter (responsible for lines and structure), horticulturist Bella Worn (textures and color), and head gardener Louis Mariconi, who lived and worked at Filoli from 1915 until his death in 1965. Eleven garden rooms ring the House: the Sunken Garden (completed April 1919), the Rose Garden (more than 500 rose bushes), the twin Knot Gardens (added in 1976 by the Woodside-Atherton Garden Club to mark the U.S. bicentennial), the Walled Garden, Woodland Garden, Perennial Border, Vegetable Garden, Cutting Garden, Garden Orchard (80+ fruit varieties), Bowling Green, Garden House, and High Place, together with the 6.8-acre Gentleman’s Orchard to the east and hundreds of acres of Natural Lands spanning six distinct ecosystems and two hiking trail loops.
Visit Experience
General admission includes the House first floor, the 16-acre Garden, the Lamchin Interpretive Center of the Ramaytush Ohlone, self-guided trails, the Clock Tower Shop, the Quail Cafe, and the Staghorn Bottleshop (Saturday and Sunday). Filoli is open daily 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. with last entry at 3:00 p.m.; the estate is closed on Mondays and Tuesdays. Seasonal programs include Summer Nights, the Summer Stage outdoor concert series, the Nightfall illuminated evening experience (returning September 26), autumn Orchard Days, and Holidays at Filoli. In 2023 Filoli became a Royal Horticultural Society Partner Garden.
Community Programs
Filoli co-operates the Lamchin Interpretive Center with the Association of Ramaytush Ohlone, sharing the story of the Lamchin tribe, whose village of Ssupichom stood on this land from about 1000 CE. The estate served as the exterior filming location for the 1980s television series Dynasty and hosted the November 15, 2023 APEC summit between President Biden and President Xi Jinping. Group rates are available for parties of 15 or more; SNAP EBT (CalFresh) cardholders can reserve four free tickets through Museums for All; and public-library cardholders may obtain free passes through Discover & Go.
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