德国 Rosenhof Schultheis – 韦特劳最古老家族玫瑰苗圃

历史沿革

施尔特斯玫瑰花圃（Rosenhof Schultheis）坐落在德国黑森州韦特劳地区（Wetterau）的施泰因富特（Steinfurth），这里是德国最古老的玫瑰村。1868 年，时任镇长之子海因里希·施尔特斯（Heinrich Schultheis）在赴英国考察后，于韦特河畔这片土地创办了”德国第一家玫瑰学校”（älteste deutsche Rosenschule）。至 1878 年，苗圃已可供应 1,495 个玫瑰品种，并建起玻璃温室专门培育当时流行的茶香玫瑰与诺瓦耶玫瑰，年产低矮玫瑰近 100 万株、高杆玫瑰 6 万株。1889 年，苗圃推出五卷手工上色的玫瑰图册，借予英国、俄罗斯与斯堪的纳维亚王室选种，2013 年其中两卷回归家族收藏。在两次世界大战的动荡中苗圃历经波折仍延续至今，由第五代克里斯蒂安·施尔特斯（Christian Schultheis）以单一业主公司（e.K.）形式经营。

地理环境与玫瑰花园

苗圃位于巴德瑙海姆（Bad Nauheim）辖区内的施泰因富特村，主体花园建在韦特河与人工支流米尔巴赫（Mühlbach）围出的狭长河心岛上，由一座老木桥引入。入口处高大的树木沿着河岸排列，盛夏里大马士革玫瑰与百叶蔷薇香气交织；六月的盛花期，整座花园会变成一片历史玫瑰的海洋。园中现培育逾 1,000 个玫瑰品种，其中容器玫瑰约 800 种，常年可供游览与现场选购；六十余种铁线莲则与攀缘玫瑰搭配栽种。所有玫瑰都种在抬高的高床花坛里，以避开几乎每年春季都会发生的韦特河洪水。花圃一旁还设有一座来自意大利 Impruneta 的抗冻陶罐专区，按尺寸分级销售。

玫瑰品类与种苗来源

苗圃自 1980 年代起专注于历史玫瑰，目录按 Gallica、Damascena、Borbonica、Centifolia、Alba、Moss、Portland、Noisette 等十五个历史玫瑰家族细分，并设 Polyantha、现代茶香杂种、攀缘、灌木、蔓生（Rambler）、微型、ADR 认证、容器、嫁接高杆（Stammrosen）等生产类别。种苗来源以德国本土育种商为主，合作的品牌包括 Noack、Kordes’ Söhne、Rosen Tantau、Staudenring，以及英国 David Austin Roses、法国 NIRP International、荷兰 Peter C. Nijssen 与美国 Weeks Roses 等。在售裸根玫瑰由自家田间栽培，每年十月起从黏重的韦特劳壤土里起挖，共 3,000 余行、近 1,000 个品种依次出圃。

教学、活动与社区

每年三月底至十月底，苗圃现场向公众开放：周一至周五 9:00–17:00、周六 9:00–16:00，周日及节假日闭园。二月起开放春季玫瑰修剪课程（Rosenschnittkurse），由克里斯蒂安·施尔特斯亲授两小时的修剪与春季护理技术，课程费每人 25 欧元。隔年七月举办的施泰因富特玫瑰节（Steinfurther Rosenfest）是德国规模最大的玫瑰盛会之一，超过 10 万朵本地玫瑰在玫瑰厅（Rosensaal）集中展示，周日的玫瑰花车大游行（Rosenkorso）由玫瑰皇后领衔出场。苗圃同时参加全德多场园艺市集——2026 年已确定出席的包括 Neuwied、Waltrop Manufactum、Hessenpark、Reutlingen、Bad Tölz、Dresden 等地的花园展销。教学和活动详情长期挂载于网站。

销售、保证与合规

商品既可在花圃现场选购，也可通过网店订购邮寄。裸根玫瑰仅在每年十月底至次年四月底之间发货，容器玫瑰则全年可发。苗圃对裸根玫瑰提供免费补种的成活保证（Anwachsgarantie）——若植株未成活，只需于七月底前提交照片与购货凭证即可获同品种或等值替代，运费自付；盆栽与不按说明栽植者不在保证范围。自 2026 年 8 月欧盟新包装法规生效后，邮寄暂时仅向奥地利、法国、荷兰、意大利与西班牙五个欧盟成员国发货。公司在注册号 HR A 476（Friedberg/Hessen 法院）、增值税号 DE284108266 下登记，是德国苗圃业联合会（BdB）与黑森州园艺协会成员；包装体系经 Landbell AG 回收认证，编号 4200558。

History and Origins

Rosenhof Schultheis is situated in Steinfurth, part of the town of Bad Nauheim in the Wetterau region of Hesse. The village is Germany’s oldest rose-growing settlement. The nursery was founded in 1868 by Heinrich Schultheis, son of the then mayor, after his travels through England. By 1878 the firm already listed 1,495 rose varieties, ran glasshouses for tea and noisette cut roses, and was lifting close to a million low roses and 60,000 standards each year from the heavy Wetterau loam. In 1889 the nursery produced five hand-coloured rose albums that were lent to royal customers in England, Russia and Scandinavia for selection; two of those albums returned to the family in 2013. After two world wars and several difficult decades, the business is now in the hands of the fifth generation, run by Christian Schultheis as a sole proprietorship (eingetragener Kaufmann, e.K.).

Garden and Setting

The show garden lies on a long, narrow island in the River Wetter, framed by an arm of the river and an artificial channel called the Mühlbach. Visitors cross an old wooden bridge into the island, where mature trees line the water and Damask and Centifolia roses scent the entrance in midsummer. The garden carries more than 1,000 varieties of historical, rare and modern roses, of which roughly 800 are kept in containers for year-round sale; over 60 clematis cultivars grow alongside the climbing roses. To keep the plants out of the Wetter floodwater that visits almost every spring, all roses are grown in raised beds that double as waist-high display tables. The site also stocks a selection of frost-proof Impruneta terracotta pots from Italy in a range of sizes.

Range and Breeder Sources

Since the early 1980s the nursery has specialised in historical roses. The catalogue groups its offer into fifteen old-rose families — Gallica, Damascena, Borbonica, Centifolia, Alba, Moss, Portland, Noisette, Chinas, Polyantha, Old Tea Hybrids and others — alongside modern categories such as Polyantha, hybrid tea, climbers, shrubs, ramblers, miniatures, ADR-certified varieties, container roses and grafted standards. The bare-root plants are field-grown and lifted from October onwards. Breeder partners include the German houses Noack, W. Kordes’ Söhne, Rosen Tantau and Staudenring, with additional varieties drawn from David Austin Roses in Britain, NIRP International in France, Peter C. Nijssen in the Netherlands, Pheno Geno Roses and Weeks Roses in North America.

Teaching, Events and Community

The garden is open to visitors from late March to the end of October, Monday to Friday 9:00–17:00, Saturday 9:00–16:00, closed on Sundays and public holidays. Spring pruning courses (Rosenschnittkurse) run from February onwards: a two-hour practical session on rose pruning and spring care taught by Christian Schultheis himself, costing 25 euros per person. Every other July, Steinfurth hosts the Steinfurther Rosenfest, one of the largest rose festivals in Germany; the Rosensaal exhibition displays more than 100,000 locally grown roses, and Sunday’s Rosenkorso parade features flower-decked floats led by the Rosenkönigin. The nursery also attends garden markets across Germany — 2026 dates announced include Neuwied, Waltrop Manufactum, Hessenpark, Reutlingen, Bad Tölz and Dresden.

Sales, Guarantee and Compliance

Roses can be bought at the garden or ordered through the online shop for dispatch by post. Bare-root roses are shipped only between late October and the end of April; container roses are sent year round. The nursery’s Anwachsgarantie replaces any bare-root rose that fails to establish, free of charge, provided a photo and proof of purchase are submitted by the end of July — the customer only pays postage. Roses planted in tubs or in defiance of the planting instructions are excluded. Following the new EU Packaging Regulation that took effect on 12 August 2026, dispatch to private customers is temporarily limited to Austria, France, the Netherlands, Italy and Spain. The firm is registered as Rosenhof Schultheis e.K. at the Amtsgericht Friedberg/Hessen under HR A 476, VAT ID DE284108266, and is a member of the Bund deutscher Baumschulen (BdB) and the Hessischer Gärtnerverband; packaging is licensed through Landbell AG under number 4200558.

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