历史沿革
博物馆所在的木筋房建于 1800 年,原先立在邻村维塞尔斯海姆,是当地盐场的租税管理用房。盐场停办后,房子被拆下、迁到施泰因富尔特重建,1882 年至 1972 年一直做村公所。1972 年施泰因富尔特并入巴特瑙海姆,老村公所空了下来,一批当地居民 1974 年在底层办起乡土与玫瑰博物馆。1985 年巴特瑙海姆市接手,配了专职馆长,并把房子整修一遍;1990 年重新开放时,展陈已从乡土杂项收拢到玫瑰这一条主线。1999 年至 2003 年,这栋列入文物保护的老房子再次大修,并按农家院落的样式加建了新翼,腾出常设展与特展的空间,底层辟出接待区和咖啡馆,院子里种了一小片玫瑰。2014 年 1 月 1 日,市政府把运营权交给了施泰因富尔特玫瑰博物馆协会,协会为公益法人。
玫瑰村与地方产业
施泰因富尔特位于黑森州韦特劳县,处在陶努斯山与韦特劳平原之间,今天是疗养城市巴特瑙海姆的一个城区,距法兰克福约 30 公里。1868 年,当地园艺师海因里希·舒尔特海斯从英国带回玫瑰嫁接繁殖的技术,在村里办起德国第一家玫瑰苗圃,此后玫瑰田成了这片老农业景观的底色,村里几乎家家靠种玫瑰过活,施泰因富尔特因此被称作德国最古老的玫瑰村。博物馆把这段产业史单列一个展区,收藏的展品里也包括当地几家玫瑰种植企业的公司档案。
藏品与常设展
藏品有数千件,涵盖瓷器、绢花、玩具、精致印刷品、版画、油画,以及玫瑰栽培与加工用的工具器械,底子是创办人当年积攒的私人收藏,后来靠捐赠和收购不断扩充。展厅里能看到的只是其中一小部分,更多东西存放在库房。常设展分成几个板块:玫瑰与美术、日常生活中的玫瑰、植物学插图,以及讲本地种植史的「施泰因富尔特的玫瑰岁月」。镇馆之物是宫廷画师雷杜德为拿破仑的皇后约瑟芬绘制的图谱《玫瑰圣经》原版,书中收录了 1814 年时人们已知的全部玫瑰品种。院子里还立着一块四吨重的俳句石,1998 年由日本的玫瑰爱好者赠送,石上用德日两种文字刻着日本诗人臼杵冬夫的俳句,由石雕大师野口大作雕成。
专业图书馆
馆内设有玫瑰专业图书馆,藏有约 3000 册玫瑰文献,最早的一本印于 1631 年,另有 130 种期刊,可上溯到 1829 年。收藏重点是玫瑰的艺术与文化史,关于玫瑰象征意义的文献自成一块;童话、诗歌、小说、美术、工艺、医药、香气与饮食各有专门的收藏门类,植物学、园林艺术和育种史方面也整理得比较齐整。汉堡一位玫瑰爱好者的私人专藏构成了这座图书馆的核心部分,此后靠朋友和赞助者的赠书、购入以及复本交换逐步补全。图书不外借,提前预约可以到馆内阅览。
特展、活动与运营
常设展之外,博物馆每年前后推出一个特展,大多从自家藏品里选题,近年做过《玫瑰的颜色》《野玫瑰,坚强的女性》《施泰因富尔特玫瑰一百年》《五个世纪的玫瑰文学》《玫瑰的暗面》等。2026 年 4 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日的特展题为《用全部感官感受玫瑰》,按看、闻、听、触、尝五感设成五座「感官岛」。馆内常年安排导览、朗读会和音乐会,也为幼儿园和小学班级设计了配合黑森州小学教学大纲的导览与工作坊。2022 年 10 月,黑森州科学与艺术部把「本月博物馆」称号授予该馆,这一奖项自 2018 年开始颁发。博物馆由协会运营,除少数专职人员外,大量工作靠志愿者承担,涉及观众服务、公共关系、博物馆商店、咖啡馆、玫瑰花圃和图书馆藏各个环节;2021 年前后年接待观众约一万人次。馆内的咖啡馆室内有 20 个座位、露台 12 个座位,招牌玫瑰蛋糕为咖啡馆专门烘制,原料用有机产品,咖啡、茶和可可来自公平贸易渠道。
Origins and Development
The museum occupies a half-timbered house built around 1800 in the neighbouring village of Wisselsheim, where it served as the estate office of a local saltworks. After the saltworks closed, the building was dismantled and re-erected in Steinfurth, and from 1882 to 1972 it housed the village council. When Steinfurth was incorporated into Bad Nauheim in 1972, the old council house fell vacant, and in 1974 local residents opened a local-history and rose museum on the ground floor. The town of Bad Nauheim took over the museum in 1985, appointed a full-time director and renovated the building; when it reopened in 1990, the displays had narrowed from general local history to the rose alone. Between 1999 and 2003 the listed building was overhauled again and a new wing added in the style of a farmstead courtyard, creating room for permanent and temporary exhibitions, a reception area, a café and a small rose garden. On 1 January 2014 the town handed operations to the Rosenmuseum Steinfurth association, a registered non-profit.
The Rose Village and Its Trade
Steinfurth lies in the Wetterau district of Hesse, between the Taunus hills and the Wetterau plain, and is today a district of the spa town of Bad Nauheim, about 30 kilometres north of Frankfurt. In 1868 the local gardener Heinrich Schultheis returned from England with the technique of budding garden roses and founded Germany’s first rose nursery in the village. Rose fields have shaped this old cultivated landscape ever since, and for a long stretch nearly every family in Steinfurth lived from growing roses, which is why the place is known as Germany’s oldest rose village. The museum devotes a section of its permanent display to this local trade, and its holdings include the company archives of several Steinfurth rose growers.
Collection and Permanent Display
The collection runs to several thousand objects: porcelain, artificial flowers, toys, fine printed papers, prints, paintings, and the tools and equipment of rose growing and processing. Its core was the private collection amassed by the museum’s founder, expanded over the years by donations and purchases. Only a fraction is on show; the rest is kept in the depot. The permanent exhibition is arranged in sections covering the rose in fine art, the rose in everyday objects, botanical illustration, and the history of rose growing in Steinfurth. Among the treasures is an original edition of Les Roses by the court painter Pierre-Joseph Redouté, made for Napoleon’s empress Joséphine, which depicts every rose variety known in 1814. In the garden stands a four-tonne haiku stone, given in 1998 by rose enthusiasts from Japan, carved by the stonemason Daisaku Noguchi and inscribed in German and Japanese with a haiku by the poet Fuyuo Usaki.
Specialist Library
The museum keeps a specialist library of roughly 3,000 volumes of rose literature, the earliest printed in 1631, together with 130 periodical titles going back to 1829. The emphasis lies on the art and cultural history of the rose, with a distinct section on rose symbolism; fairy tales, poetry and fiction, the fine and applied arts, medicine, fragrance and cookery each form their own collecting areas, and botany, garden art and the history of rose breeding are well represented. The private collection of a rose enthusiast from Hamburg forms the core of the holdings, which have grown since through gifts from friends and supporters, purchases and the exchange of duplicates. Books are not lent out, but may be consulted on site by appointment.
Exhibitions, Events and Operations
Alongside the permanent display the museum mounts roughly one temporary exhibition a year, usually drawn from its own holdings; recent subjects have included the colour of the rose, wild roses and strong women, a century of Steinfurth roses, five centuries of rose literature, and the darker side of the rose. The 2026 exhibition, running from 1 April to 30 November, is titled “The Rose with All the Senses” and is built around five sensory islands for sight, smell, hearing, touch and taste. Guided tours, readings and concerts run through the season, and tours and workshops for kindergartens and primary classes are designed to fit the Hessian primary curriculum. In October 2022 the Hessian Ministry of Science and the Arts named it Museum of the Month, an award given since 2018. The museum is run by the association with a small paid staff and a substantial body of volunteers who help with visitor services, public relations, the shop, the café, the rose bed, and the library and collection; around 2021 it drew about 10,000 visitors a year. The café seats twenty indoors and twelve on the terrace, bakes its own rose cake from organic ingredients, and sources coffee, tea and cocoa through fair trade.
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