美国 俄勒冈州立大学景观植物数据库 – 园艺系景观植物数据资源

机构背景与沿革

“俄勒冈州立大学农业科学学院园艺系景观植物数据库”由俄勒冈州立大学（Oregon State University, OSU）园艺系维护，园艺系隶属农业科学学院（College of Agricultural Sciences），位于俄勒冈州科瓦利斯（Corvallis, OR 97331-4501, USA）。该资源库的建设得到 Oregon Master Gardener Association 与 J. Frank Schmidt Family Charitable Foundation 提供的部分经费支持；其中 J. Frank Schmidt 家族苗圃长期资助美国西北地区木本景观植物的研究与教育推广。自 1990 年代上线以来，数据库以 OSU 园艺系的名义持续运营，由 CPN（Certified Plant Nerd）持证人 Patrick Breen 负责日常更新与联系。

覆盖范围与数据规模

数据库收录约 1,950 种景观植物的图像与文字说明，以木本植物为主。按拉丁学名查询的范围从 Abelia 到 Ziziphus，按英文普通名查询的范围从 Abelia 到 Zelkova，两份名录均按字母顺序排列；每种植物的资料通常包含植物学形态描述、日常养护要点、USDA 抗寒分区（涵盖 2 到 10 区）、原产地分布以及拉丁种加词的词源解释。对种内常见栽培品种（如 Acer rubrum ‘Red Sunset’）也另列条目作简要介绍，便于使用者与苗圃在售品比对。Woody Plants of Oregon 子页进一步把俄勒冈州本土及已归化的木本植物按”高于 100 英尺、75–100 英尺、50–75 英尺”等高度区间列出，并注明针叶/阔叶类型，常用树种如 Pseudotsuga menziesii（花旗松）、Thuja plicata（西部红柏）、Tsuga heterophylla（西部铁杉）、Acer macrophyllum（大叶枫）都收录在内。

检索方式与识别辅助

数据库提供三套互补的检索入口：拉丁学名（Acer 等）与普通英文名（Maple 等）的字母索引适合已知物种的快速定位；针对未知物种的鉴定需求，Plant Identification 子系统将候选植物拆分为阔叶与针叶两大类，用户依次勾选叶序、叶形、树皮、果实等可观察特征，每一项勾选都会从候选池中剔除不符合的植物，最终留下的少量候选可直接对照图片与说明确认。该子系统面向 Oregon Master Gardener 培训的实际场景设计，建议使用者先输入 2–3 项特征观察候选列表，再逐步增加特征收敛范围。除了植物条目之外，Scientific Plant Names 子页用约 18,000 字篇幅讲述二名命名法的历史与词源结构，从 Theophrastus、Dioscorides、Pliny 一路谈到 Linnaeus 1753 年的 Species Plantarum，并附 Stearn 2002 等延伸参考文献。

配套工具与延伸资源

站点将植物资料与一组实用的园艺工具页并置：Glossary 解释根词、术语与缩写的拉丁写法；USDA Hardiness Zone Maps 与 Sunset’s Climate Zones 提供美国本土及西部气候带的分区图，可与每种植物给出的 USDA 抗寒区间互相印证；Plant Identification: Examining Leaves 则图文并茂介绍叶片解剖要点（叶缘锯齿、单叶/复叶、平行脉/网状脉等），帮助用户在野外识别时快速对照。References 子页列出了超过 100 部延伸阅读书目，包括 Bridwell 1994《Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Culture and Use》、Callaway 1994《The World of Magnolias》、Coombes 1985《Dictionary of Plant Names》、Sunset Western Garden Book 6th & 7th Ed.、Bailey Hortorium 1976《Hortus Third》等常备工具书，方便教学与设计引用。

使用场景与对接方式

数据库面向高校园艺与林学课程、园艺师培训、景观设计师、苗圃从业人员与园艺爱好者；Oregon Master Gardener 培训项目”Identifying Woody Plants”已将其作为推荐在线工具。访问者无需注册账号，主页及子页均可直接浏览；查询流程在桌面与移动端基本一致，移动版头会自动折叠 OSU 顶部导航条以便阅读。如需对条目提出修改、补充或更正，可按站点说明通过 Patrick Breen（[email protected]）联系园艺系。详细安排可参考其公开联系渠道与园艺系主页发布的相关信息。

Institutional Background

The Landscape Plants database is maintained by the Department of Horticulture in the College of Agricultural Sciences at Oregon State University (OSU), based in Corvallis, OR 97331-4501, USA. Development received partial financial support from the Oregon Master Gardener Association and the J. Frank Schmidt Family Charitable Foundation; the Schmidt family nursery has long backed research and education on woody landscape plants in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The site has been online since the 1990s and is updated by Patrick Breen (CPN, Certified Plant Nerd) on behalf of the Department of Horticulture.

Coverage and Dataset

Approximately 1,950 landscape plants are documented with images and written notes, mostly woody species. Latin-name entries run from Abelia to Ziziphus, and common-name entries run from Abelia to Zelkova, both in alphabetical order. Each record typically covers botanical description, general care, USDA hardiness zones (2 through 10), native range, and an explanation of the Latin epithet. Notable cultivars available in nurseries, such as Acer rubrum ‘Red Sunset’, are also listed separately. The Woody Plants of Oregon subpage groups native and naturalized Oregon woody plants by height (over 100 ft, 75–100 ft, 50–75 ft) and by conifer vs. broadleaf type, with reference species including Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir), Thuja plicata (western red cedar), Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock) and Acer macrophyllum (bigleaf maple).

Search Tools and Identification Aid

Three complementary entry points are offered: alphabetical Latin (e.g., Acer) and English common name (e.g., Maple) indexes for fast lookup of known plants, plus a Plant Identification subsystem for unknowns, in which the database is split into broadleaf and conifer divisions. Users tick observable characteristics (leaf arrangement, leaf shape, bark, fruit, etc.); each selection filters out non-matching candidates, leaving a short list that can be checked against the images and notes. The workflow is built for Oregon Master Gardener training, and the site’s recommendation is to start with two or three characteristics, look at the resulting list, and then add more features to narrow it. The Scientific Plant Names page adds an 18,000-character essay tracing binomial nomenclature from Theophrastus, Dioscorides and Pliny through Linnaeus’s 1753 Species Plantarum, with reference notes such as Stearn 2002.

Companion Tools and References

Alongside plant records, the site links out to a set of horticultural reference pages: a Glossary of technical terms, USDA Hardiness Zone Maps and Sunset’s Climate Zones for cross-checking the hardiness ratings on each plant page, and a Plant Identification: Examining Leaves guide that walks through margin, simple vs. compound, parallel vs. netted venation and other leaf traits useful for field ID. The References subpage lists more than 100 titles, including Bridwell 1994 “Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Culture and Use”, Callaway 1994 “The World of Magnolias”, Coombes 1985 “Dictionary of Plant Names”, the Sunset Western Garden Book 6th and 7th editions, and Bailey Hortorium 1976 “Hortus Third”.

Use Cases and Contact

The resource is used in university horticulture and forestry courses, Master Gardener training, landscape design offices, nursery professionals and home gardeners; the Oregon Master Gardener “Identifying Woody Plants” course lists it as a recommended online tool. No account is required, and the homepage and subpages are browsable directly on both desktop and mobile, with the OSU top-hat header collapsing on small screens. Corrections, additions and suggestions are routed through Patrick Breen ([email protected]) at the Department of Horticulture. Detailed information is available on the publicly listed contact channels and the Department’s own page.

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