家族传承与历史沿革
Baumschule H. Hachmann 是一所位于德国北部石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州巴尔姆施泰特的家族杜鹃花专类苗圃。苗圃由约翰内斯·哈赫曼（Johannes Hachmann，1906 年生）于 1929 年 4 月 1 日创立。二代汉斯·哈赫曼（Hans Hachmann，1930—2004）从 1950 年代起接掌苗圃，五十年间累计完成约 5000 次杂交组合，选育出 400 余个杜鹃花新品种，实生苗后代总数约 200 万株，被视为战后德国最重要的杜鹃花育种家之一，1985 年曾获颁德国园艺界最高荣誉 Georg-Arends 奖章。三代霍尔格·哈赫曼（Holger Hachmann，1957 年生）1989 年起正式接班，长期合作者伯恩德·维希霍斯特（Bernd Wickhorst）和园艺师傅于尔根·洛（Jürgen Loh）共同延续苗圃至今。2022 年 9 月 30 日，霍尔格在柏林获颁 Georg-Arends 奖章，成为家族中第二位获此殊荣的成员。
苗圃现址与产区环境
苗圃现址位于汉堡西北郊的石荷州 Barmstedt（南荷尔斯泰因地区），毗邻北德平原温和湿润的海洋性气候带，土壤偏酸、夏季凉爽，对杜鹃花科植物的栽培非常友好。整体经营面积 19.15 公顷，设施齐整连片，员工总数 14 人，包括 2 名园艺师傅、2 名办公室职员、1 名生物学与农学双学位、1 名 FH 景观工程学士、6 名熟练技工、2 名专业工人，以及 3—5 名季节性帮工。苗圃内设有一处约 8000 平方米的展示花园，汇集约 1200 种杜鹃花和 500 种其他稀有木本观赏植物，每年五月盛花期面向爱好者和同业开放参观。
主力产品与年产规模
苗圃常年保持约 70% 杜鹃花与 30% 稀有落叶及针叶木本的产品结构。在线目录显示杜鹃类产品 513 个品种（含 170 个大花杂交种、68 个屋久岛杂交、111 个野生种及杂交、71 个日本杜鹃、93 个落叶园杜鹃、40 个观叶品种），落叶灌木 199 种，日本枫树 138 种，石楠 137 种，针叶植物 183 种，新引品种 134 个，总计在售约 1700 个品种。1978 年起开始种植日本枫树，目前累计保存约 138 个品种，是欧洲日本枫树专类收藏最丰富的苗圃之一。线上目录常年提供约 1000 种苗木的订购与邮购服务。
育种研究与自有品牌
苗圃育种工作从汉斯时代一直延续至霍尔格一代，重点方向包括叶片与花朵的观赏性、菌类抗性、香味、花期长度、新型叶形与叶色以及秋季二次开花等。Hachmann 家族选育的多个原生杂交种被引种到欧洲同行苗圃，部分老品种如日本杜鹃 ‘Satschiko’、’Michiko’、’Kazuko’、’Georg Arends’ 和野生杜鹃 R. oreod. ‘Ronsdorfer Frühblühende’ 仍持续在售。苗圃自有的 HAPPYdendron® 商标品牌下，首批上市品种为 Pushy Purple® ‘Hachmagic’，由 B. Wickhorst 与 Hachmann 共同选育，于 2009 年选出并完成欧盟植物品种保护登记。苗圃同时提供面向实习生的三年制园艺学徒培训，已有 50 余年的培训传统，毕业生常赴海外园艺机构交流。
销售网络与国际声誉
苗圃通过自有德语官方站点 hachmann.de 提供面向私人客户与园艺中心两类目录与订购入口，零售邮购覆盖德国及欧盟多国，批发客户主要为欧洲各地花园中心与园艺景观公司。凭借汉斯与霍尔格两代育种成果积累的品种与品牌效应，苗圃在欧洲杜鹃花爱好者与园艺专业圈中享有较高声誉，是欧洲杜鹃花专类苗圃的代表机构之一。苗圃每年组织 Vorfrühlingsschau（早春花展）和 Holsteiner Winterausstellungen（荷尔斯泰因冬季花展）等面向公众的展示活动，并对外销售印刷版杜鹃花品种目录。
Family Heritage and History
Baumschule H. Hachmann is a family-run rhododendron specialist nursery located in Barmstedt, Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany. The nursery was founded on 1 April 1929 by Johannes Hachmann (born 1906). His son Hans Hachmann (1930–2004) took over from the 1950s and, over the following five decades, carried out around 5,000 crosses that yielded more than 400 new rhododendron cultivars and an estimated two million seedlings. Hans is regarded as one of the most important post-war rhododendron breeders in Germany and received the Georg-Arends Medal in 1985. His grandson Holger Hachmann (born 1957) has led the nursery since 1989, working alongside Bernd Wickhorst and head horticulturist Jürgen Loh. On 30 September 2022, Holger was presented with the Georg-Arends Medal in Berlin, the second generation of the family to receive the award.
Site and Growing Region
The nursery sits in Barmstedt in southern Schleswig-Holstein, within the maritime climatic zone of the North German Plain. Mild summers and naturally acidic soils make the location well suited to rhododendron culture. The holding covers 19.15 hectares and employs 14 staff, including two master horticulturists, two office staff, one graduate in biology and agricultural engineering, one graduate in landscape engineering (FH), six skilled gardeners and two specialists, with three to five seasonal helpers. An 8,000-square-metre display garden brings together roughly 1,200 rhododendron cultivars and about 500 other rare woody plants, and is open to visitors during the May flowering peak.
Product Range and Scale
About seventy percent of production is rhododendron, the remaining thirty percent rare deciduous and coniferous woodies. The current online catalogue lists 513 rhododendron cultivars (170 large-flowered hybrids, 68 Yakushimanum hybrids, 111 wild species and hybrids, 71 Japanese azaleas, 93 deciduous garden azaleas, 40 foliage forms), 199 deciduous shrubs, 138 Japanese maples, 137 heathers, 183 conifers and 134 recent introductions – around 1,700 cultivars in total. The Japanese maple collection was begun in 1978 and now contains about 138 cultivars, making it one of the richest Japanese maple collections in Europe. Around 1,000 cultivars are available for mail order at any time.
Breeding Work and Own Brands
Breeding has continued from Hans into Holger’s generation, with current goals including foliage and flower quality, fungal resistance, scent, longer flowering, new leaf shapes and colours, and autumn rebloom. Hachmann hybrids are widely grown across Europe, and several historic varieties are still sold today, including the Japanese azaleas ‘Satschiko’, ‘Michiko’, ‘Kazuko’ and ‘Georg Arends’, as well as the wild hybrid Rhododendron oreodoxa ‘Ronsdorfer Frühblühende’. Under the proprietary HAPPYdendron® brand the nursery launched Pushy Purple® ‘Hachmagic’, bred by B. Wickhorst and Hachmann, selected in 2009 and granted EU plant variety rights. The nursery has also run a three-year horticultural apprenticeship programme for more than fifty years.
Distribution and International Reputation
The nursery’s German-language website hachmann.de provides both private customer and garden centre catalogues and ordering. Retail mail order covers Germany and other EU member states; wholesale clients are mainly garden centres and landscape firms across Europe. Through two generations of breeding and the resulting cultivars, the nursery enjoys a strong reputation among European rhododendron enthusiasts and trade buyers, and is regarded as one of the reference specialist rhododendron nurseries in Europe. Each year the nursery holds events including the Vorfrühlingsschau early spring show and the Holsteiner Winterausstellungen winter exhibitions, and publishes printed catalogues of its rhododendron cultivars.
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