美国 Crosman种子公司 Crosman’s Seeds – 1838年创立的纽约州家族种子企业

公司概况

Crosman 种子公司（Crosman’s Seeds，全称 Crosman Seed Company, Inc.）创立于 1838 年，是纽约州 East Rochester 的一家家族经营种子企业，也是美国历史最悠久的连续运营种子公司之一。创始人 Charles Frederick Crosman 抵达罗切斯特时正值纽约州 Genesee 地区农业拓荒时代，定居移民与西进拓荒者对优质种子需求旺盛，Charles 从一开始便以种子作为主营商品。1866 年 Charles 去世后，20 岁的 Charles W. 与 17 岁的 George F. 两兄弟接管公司并迅速扩张，在罗切斯特地区、加拿大与密歇根设立种子试验田（trial grounds），将优选品种发放给 Monroe County 农户种植并以收成换种子，到 1880 年公司已成为全球最大种子商之一。1927 年公司将总部迁至现址 East Rochester West Commercial Street（前 Miss Kate Gleason 拖车制造厂），1928 年由 Herbert William Mapstone 收购并担任总裁 52 年至 1979 年辞世；目前由家族第三代 William R. Mapstone 与 Craig H. Mapstone 共同运营，公司档案曾被 Smithsonian Institution 收录。

产品与服务

公司种子目录覆盖蔬菜、花卉、香草、豆类与玉米、草坪、野生动植物食源（food plot）等五大产品线。蔬菜类（fruits and vegetables）超过 50 个传统品种，包括 Detroit Dark Red 甜菜、De Cicco Early 西兰花、Catskill 抱子甘蓝、各类卷心菜（Early Jersey Wakefield、Copenhagen Market、Danish Ball Head 等）、Danvers #126 胡萝卜、Marketmore 76 黄瓜、Parris Island Cos 莴苣等；花卉类（flowers）逾 38 个品种，涵盖香雪球（Alyssum Carpet of Snow）、满天星、矢车菊、Calendula、Cosmos、Coleus、四点钟、羽扇豆、万寿菊、马齿苋、金莲花、矮牵牛、罗勒等切花与花境花卉；香草类含莳萝、罗勒、香菜、细香葱、牛至、欧芹、鼠尾草、百里香等；豆类与玉米（beans peas & corn）涵盖 Cherokee Wax 菜豆、Fordhook 利马豆、Little Marvel 豌豆、Golden Bantam 甜玉米等。草坪产品线（lawn care）含 Town & Country（阳地为主）、Shady Spot（阴地至全阳）、Sandy Soil Tall Fescue（沙土）、自研 Proprietary 混播等 8 种零售混播及 3lb/25lb/50lb 三种规格，并提供 Lebanon Proscape 19-0-6 含 LOCKUP、20-0-7 含 Trimec 等专业除草肥料、starter 启动肥、水压播种（hydroseeding）用品、Wildflower 野生花卉混播（Full Sun $26/lb、Partial Shade $33/lb）及鹿食源 plot（紫花苜蓿、白三叶、红三叶、百脉根、Purple Top 芜菁、Daikon 萝卜等）。

技术与研发

公司自 19 世纪起即在罗切斯特、加拿大与密歇根多点设立试验田（trial grounds），将优良品种发放给 Monroe County 农户种植并以收成换种子进行品种筛选，是早期美国商业种子企业典型的「分布式品种测试」模式。1928 年进入 Mapstone 家族后，公司主营转向批发小袋包装（wholesale packet production），为 Kresge（现 Kmart）、Grants、Murphy’s、Neisner’s、Ben Franklin Stores 及独立园艺店等全国连锁与独立商店供应统一规格种子。草坪业务方面开发了 Town & Country、Shady Spot、Sandy Soil Tall Fescue、Proprietary 等 8 种零售混播，并配套 pH 测试建议（最佳 6-6.5）、starter 启动肥（含磷促根，3,000-12,500 sq ft 多种规格）、季节性施肥方案（每 6-8 周，沙土每 4-6 周）、post-emergent 除草（LOCKUP 须等待 4-5 周播种，Trimec 适合即播）等完整技术体系；FAQs 公开建议种植 wildflower 最佳时间为春季，deer food plot 配 clovers、Purple Top 芜菁、Daikon 萝卜与百脉根等多元混播。

家族传承与社会责任

公司自 1838 年 Charles Frederick Crosman 创立，至 1866 年由两子 Charles W. 与 George F. 接管扩张，再到 1928 年 Herbert William Mapstone 收购并传承至今的 William R. 与 Craig H. 两兄弟运营，已延续四代近 190 年，是美国最长寿的家族种子企业之一。社会责任层面，公司在 1929-1933 大萧条期间以合理价格持续供应种子，1940s 二战期间为本地 Victory Gardens 捐赠种子支持战时粮食自给；战后率先引入草坪种子混播零售概念，逐步扩展到完整草坪护理产品线。健康业务方面，公司还与 doTERRA 合作销售精油与保健品，强调「室内外健康生活方式」理念。联系信息方面，顾客可通过电话 585-586-1928 或邮箱 crosman@crosmanseed.com 与公司直接联系，公司位于纽约州 East Rochester。

官网：https://www.crosmanseed.com/

Company Overview

Crosman Seed Company, Inc. (Crosman’s Seeds), founded in 1838, is a family-run seed enterprise in East Rochester, New York, and one of the oldest continuously operating seed companies in the United States. Founder Charles Frederick Crosman arrived in Rochester when the Genesee Country was at the heart of westward agricultural expansion, and seeds became the company’s principal commodity from the start. After Charles’s death in 1866, his two sons Charles W. (20) and George F. (17) took over and rapidly expanded the business, maintaining trial grounds in the Rochester area, Canada, and Michigan, and distributing choice varieties to Monroe County farmers in exchange for part of the crop. By 1880, the company had become one of the largest seed houses in the world. In 1927, operations moved to the former Miss Kate Gleason trailer-car factory on West Commercial Street in East Rochester, where the headquarters remain today. Herbert William Mapstone acquired ownership in 1928 and served as president for 52 years until his death in 1979; the company is now operated by third-generation family members William R. Mapstone and Craig H. Mapstone, and has been documented at the Smithsonian Institution.

Products and Services

The catalogue covers five major product lines: fruits and vegetables, flowers, herbs, beans/peas/corn, and lawn care, plus food-plot / forage / wildflower mixes. The vegetable line lists more than 50 traditional varieties (Detroit Dark Red beet, De Cicco Early broccoli, Catskill Brussels sprouts, multiple cabbages, Danvers #126 carrot, Marketmore 76 cucumber, Parris Island Cos lettuce, etc.). The flower line exceeds 38 varieties (Alyssum Carpet of Snow, Baby’s Breath, Bachelor’s Button, Calendula, Cosmos, Coleus, Four O’Clocks, Lupin, Marigold, Nasturtium, Petunia, Sweet Basil, etc.). The herb line includes dill, basil, cilantro, chives, oregano, parsley, sage, and thyme. The bean-pea-corn line covers Cherokee Wax bean, Fordhook lima bean, Little Marvel pea, Golden Bantam sweet corn, and more. The lawn-care line offers eight retail mixes (Town & Country, Shady Spot, Sandy Soil Tall Fescue, proprietary blends, and others) in 3lb / 25lb / 50lb bags, plus Lebanon Proscape 19-0-6 with LOCKUP and 20-0-7 with Trimec weed-and-feed products, starter fertilisers, hydroseeding supplies, Northeast wildflower mixes (Full Sun, Partial Shade), and deer food-plot seed (alfalfa, white / red / crimson clovers, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Purple Top turnip, Daikon radish, Dwarf Essex rapeseed, etc.).

Research and Technology

From the late nineteenth century onward, the company operated multi-location trial grounds in the Rochester area, Canada, and Michigan, distributing choice varieties to local farmers in exchange for part of the crop — an early form of decentralised variety testing. After entering the Mapstone family in 1928, the company shifted its focus to wholesale packet production, supplying national chain stores (Kresge, now Kmart; Grants; Murphy’s; Neisner’s; Ben Franklin Stores) and independent garden retailers with uniform retail packets. The lawn-care programme includes eight retail mixes engineered for sun, shade, sandy soil, and proprietary blends, plus a complete technical support system: pH testing (target 6-6.5), starter fertiliser with phosphorus for root development (3,000-12,500 sq ft coverage), seasonal feeding schedules (every 6-8 weeks; 4-6 weeks for sandy soil), and post-emergent herbicide guidance (LOCKUP requires a 4-5 week wait before reseeding; Trimec allows immediate overseeding). Public FAQs recommend spring planting for wildflowers to allow self-reseeding, and mixed-clover / turnip / radish / trefoil blends for deer food plots.

Heritage and Community

Four generations of the Crosman and Mapstone families have run the company since 1838 — from founder Charles Frederick Crosman, to his sons Charles W. and George F. in 1866, to Herbert William Mapstone in 1928 (52 years as president until 1979), to the current third-generation operators William R. and Craig H. Mapstone — making Crosman’s one of the longest-running family seed businesses in the United States, with nearly 190 years of continuous operation. The company supplied seeds at reasonable prices throughout the Great Depression, donated seeds for local Victory Gardens during World War II, and pioneered the retail lawn-seed-mix category in the postwar era. Today the company has also partnered with doTERRA to offer essential oils and wellness products alongside its seed and lawn-care lines, in line with its indoor-outdoor healthy-lifestyle positioning. The published business phone and email are listed on the website for direct customer contact, while the home base remains in East Rochester, New York.

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